The diagram below shows how geothermal energy is used to produce electricity. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

The schematic shows the process of electricity generation in a geothermal power plant, with each step clearly elucidating the status of the temperature and the

state

of the initial cold

fluid

(

water

).  The first step involves cold

water

being pumped downwards until it reaches the injection well, which is situated

4.5-kilometers

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4.5 kilometers

below the ground. From here, the

water

, still in the cold

state

, is passed through the geothermal zone which consists of hot rocks. In

this

zone, as a virtue of the temperature difference between the

water

and the rocks, there is heat transfer with the direction of heat flow being from the hot rocks to the cold

fluid

. The resulting

fluid

is hotter and the

water

in

this

state

reaches the production well.  The hot

water

is

then

pumped up the same distance (

that is

, 4.5

kilometers

Change the spelling

kilometres

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) to reach a condenser situated above the ground. It is here that the phase of the

fluid

is changed from a liquid

state

to a

vapor

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vapour

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state

.  It is to be noted that even though the hot

water

undergoes a phase change, the temperature of the resulting steam is not diminished. The steam now proceeds to the turbine and the latter does work on the steam and rotates a shaft which connects the turbine to a generator. The result of the work being done on the

fluid

is reflected in the shaft rotation and

this

mechanical energy is later converted to electrical energy in the generator. 

This

electricity later leaves the generator flowing via cable lines to a transmission tower. Electricity from the transmission tower can now be segregated to different zones of the region via multiple cable lines.