The graph below shows the amount of money spent on books in Germany, France, Italy and Austria between 1995 and 2005. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. The line graph shows how much was spent in US dollars on books in four European countries between 1995 and 2005. Overall, people in Germany spent the most on reading materials during the entire period. It is also clear that despite some fluctuations, spending on books increased in all four places over the 10 years. German expenditure fluctuated between around $80 million and about $90 million between 1995 and 2003 before increasing to just under $100 million in 2005. France was the only country that experienced a steady rise, with around $55 million worth of books sold in 1995, about $70 million in 2001, and finally just under $80 million in 2005. The figure for Italy hovered at around $50 million dollars until 1999, when it steadily rose to just over $60 million in 2005. Austrians spent approximately $30 million in 1995, and this went up by around $10 million over the next four years and remained stable for two years, before it climbed dramatically to just above $70 million in 2005.
The diagram illustrates the multitude of steps a book undergoes before being published. Overall, there are nine stages a manuscript goes through before being released to the readership. After being written, the manuscript is sent from the writer to the publishing house in order to be meticulously analyzed and studied. Once the book is validated, a contract between the author and the publisher has to be agreed and signed. The next step consists of designing the layout for the book using computer science, before getting the final validation. Then comes the moment to print, in other words, put the data from a digital form to a paper form. The printing is followed by the bookbinding. In fact, the editor chooses the correct format of the manuscript. Finally, the volume can be delivered to many bookshops so it can be commercialized. All the process takes approximatively a timespan of 18 to 24 months. To conclude we can say that the release of a writing production in a paper format, no matter the literature gender of it, needs numerous steps. These are 9 stations to be exact, and require full collaboration between a publishing house and the author.
Write a paragraph of approximately 150 words to answer the following question: what are the advantages of sharing housework in the family?
The illustration below represents approximate cost plan for the next five years in American dollar for three ecological projects for sustainable forestry. The diagram depicts anticipated paying out failure allotment for the first year as the projects are put up.
The line graph compares four countries in term of banana prices between 1994 and 2004. Overall, the countries experienced different trends in the time period. While the costes in USA and Japan countries increased, the prices in Germany declined. And the prices in France kept unchanged. As the chart compares , Japan's costes started around 190 in 1994 , and sharply rose approximately 290 until 1995. Then plummeted 200 prices in 1996. After experienced fluctuations between 1996 and 2001, with 2,00 and 2,30 , finally coming to 1,60 in 2001. Starting from 2001 if experienced gradual increase reaching a peak in 2004 with more than 2,60. Regarding France's prices in 1994 until 1997 remain unchanged. After prices fluctuations from 1998 to 2004 with 1,60. Afterward the Germany prices slightly plunged around 1,30 in 1995. Then prices fluctuations from 1996 to 2001, and between 2002 and 2004 keet unchanged. The costes in USA gradually climbed 1,20 from 1994 to 1995. Then slightly declined 1,00 in 1997. Afterward the costes keep unchanged between 1998 and 2004.
As can be seen from the diagram, there exist great changes in the average life expectarcy among six different countres. It is clear from the chart that Monaco has the highest average life apeaiancy, reaching nearly 90 years The USA follows, with an average life expectancy of around 80. plus years.The Philippines has an average life expectancy of about 70 years. Laes and Ruanda show relatively lower figures, with average life expectancies of approximately 60and 50- pus years respectively. Kenya has the lowest average life, expectancy among these countries, standing at around 50 years. Orerall, the average life expectaney in Monaco is the highest, that in Kenya is the lowest, and those in the other countries are quite similar
rr) You have approximately 20 minutes to complete this task. The diagram below shows how a biofuel called ethanol is produced. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. Your report should comprise a minimum of 150 words.
The line graph illustrates the number of participants in five different activities at a social centre in Melbourne, Australia, from 2000 to 2020. Overall, the Film Club consistently had the highest number of participants throughout the period, while Amateur Dramatics saw a significant decline and became the least popular by 2020. Table Tennis and Musical Performances experienced steady increases, whereas Martial Arts fluctuated over time. In detail, the Film Club remained the most attended activity, with participation staying relatively stable above 60, rising slightly from 65 in 2000 to about 68 in 2020. Amateur Dramatics started at around 26 participants in 2000, rose slightly to nearly 30 in 2005, then declined steadily, reaching just under 10 by 2020. The number of people participating in Table Tennis began at approximately 18 in 2000, stayed flat until 2010, then rose sharply to over 50 in 2020. Musical Performances had no participants in 2000 and 2005 but gradually increased to nearly 20 by the end of the period. Martial Arts fluctuated throughout the years, remaining within the range of 30 to 40 participants.
The bar chart given illustrates a comparison of four different types of transportation which residents in a European city used to commute to work in three different years from 1960 to 2000. From an overall perspective, it is evident that the percentage of car commuters showed an upward trend, whereas a reverse pattern could be observed in the data on/ figure for bike or on foot over the surveyed period. In 1960, the proportion of inhabitants who walked to and from work was highest, at around 35%. The figures for bike and bus were lower, at approximately 25% and 18%, respectively. Motor vehicles, however, accounted for the lowest proportion, at just over 5%. The period between 1960 and 2000 witnessed a rapid climb in the proportion of city-dwellers commuting by automobile, reaching a peak of over 35%. In contrast, during the same period, there was a dramatic decline in the data on bike and foot to only around 5% and under 10%, in their respective order/ in the given order. In terms of buses, after a rise in 1980 to somewhere in the vicinity of 26%, its figure declined to over 15% in the final year.
The charts compares the value changes in UK metal industry between 1970 and 2000. While, UK demand and UK production fell over time, the import rose . The second line graph reveals the employment status in UK steel industry. As the graph shows, UK demand in the beginning was in the higher line with 200000 in 1970, but it decreased slowly about 180000 in 1980. Then the UK demand declined rapidly to approximately 110000 in 1990. Afterward, the demand went down slightly from 1990 to 2000. The UK production in the beginning was around 160000 in 1970. However, the value dropped steadily to approximately 9000 from 1970 to 1990. Afterward the value kept unchanged between 1990 and 2000. The import at first was in the bottom line with around 1 in 1970. Then gradually increased to 500000 from 1970 to 1990. Afterward, the import climbed substantially to around 700000 in 2000. Regarding working parties status in UK steel industry. In the beginning of year employments were 50000 in 1970. Then slowly fell to 40000 between 1970 and 1980, and plunged considerably to 20000 in 1990. Then the status decreased slightly to around 19000 from 1990 to 2000.
The chart illustrates the quantity of participants who showed interest in sport sphere from 1985 to 2005. Overall, While basketball and badminton players remained stable, the players of tennis rose, and the players of rugby fell over time. The tennis as well as rugby sports had different amount of players in the time period. As the line graph compares, that badminton players were around 51 in 1985 . Then players slightly decreased to around 49 in 1990. However, players remained stable in 50 from 1995 to 2005. Regarding basketball's players, in 1985 there were approximately 75 people. Unfortunately, the figure slowly decreased to 70 in 1990. Afterward remained constant around 77 between 1995 and 2005. The tennis participants were 150 in 1985. The percentage gradually increased to approximately 175 in 1990 reaching a peak with around 225 participants in 2005. The players of rugby were around 240 in 1985. Afterwards people steadily declined just over 200 in 1995. Then participants rapidly went down to 50 from 1995 to 2005.
The bar graph illustrates the frequency of eating at fast food restaurants amongst Americans between 2003 and 2013. Overall, most Americans eat at those restaurants between once a week to twice a month. Looking in closer detail at the chart, it can be observed that just over 30 % of people in the USA used to eat fast food once a week whilst 30% used to eat fast food once or twice a week. A minority of people never consumed fast food neither consumed it daily .In 2006, a slight increase in the frequency of once a week can be noticed. At the same time, the percentage of several times a week consumers growth moving from around 16% to exactly 20%; as well as the feature of once or twice a month . Furthermore, there were still a few people, approximately 3%, who were daily fast-food customers. Finally, in 2013, about 33% of people used to eat fast food once or twice a month and still a tiny portion of individuals used to purchase fast food every day or never.
This line chart illustrates that the data of students who studied at United state, United kingidaom and Australia in various countries from 2002 to 2007. Overall, exept the students who studuies in US the count of students remaining are fluctuants. However, in the UK the students was significant drop started in 2003 until the end of the period. It is clear that, the least student apply abroad was Australian which is constant by 10000 at the entire period. Britain in 2002 was 30000 after that, they substantial decreased until it reached to thier peak were approximately 20000. Otherwise, in 2002, American is the most studentes counts was 50000, two years followed were declined to about 2000 thus, american was climb in 2006 until keep its the same level in 2007. Uk is the most countries which sent thire students in different countries. In addition, UK is the second country where sent thire studentes yet, in 2004 gradualy decreased, finally, Australis was the least country.
The charts compares the value changes in UK metal industry between 1970 and 2000. While, UK demand and UK production fell over time, the import rose . The second line graph reveals the employment status in UK steel industry. As the graph shows, UK demand in the begin was in the higher line with 200000 in 1970, but it slowly decreased about 180000 in 1980. Then the UK demand rapidly declined approximately 110000 in 1990. Afterward, the demand slightly went down from 1990 to 2000. The UK production at the beginning was around 160000 in 1970. Then the value steadily dropped approximately 9000 from 1970 to 1990. Afterward the value kept unchanged between 1990 and 2000. The import at the beginning was in the bottom line with around 1 in 1970. Then gradually increased to 500000 from 1970 to 1990. Afterward, the import substantially climbed around 700000 in 2000. Regarding working parties status in UK steel industry. In the beginning of year employments were 50000 in 1970. Then slowly fell to 40000 between 1970 and 1980, and considerable plunged to 20000 in 1990. Then the status slightly decreased around 19000 from 1990 to 2000.
International travel agencies are going to reduce their fees for people. Do you think its advantages outweigh the disadvantages? (approximately 250 words)
Genetically modified food (GM food) is an importance issue in society today. Some people think that it will improve people’s live in many ways. Others feel that it may be a threat to life on earth. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. (approximately 250 words)
The maps given depict how an empty island has been transformed because of the construction of tourism infrastructures. The length of the island is approximately 200 meters. Overall, there have been more facilities built on the island such as the pier, several accommodations, and others.
The chart compares how many participants in sport sphere from 1985 to 2005. Overall, the types of sports were different amount of players in the time period. While basketball and badminton players remain stable, the players of tennis rose, and the players of rugby fell over time. As the line graph compares, that badminton players were around 51 in 1985 . Then players slightly decreased around 49 in 1990. And players remained stable in 50 from 1995 to 2005. Regarding basketball's players, in 1985 there were approximately 75 people. Then slowly decreased in 70 in 1990. Afterward remain constant around 77 between 1995 and 2005. The people in tennis were 150 in 1985. Then gradually increased approximately 175 in 1990. And reaching a peak with around 225 participants in 2005. The rugby's players were around 240 in 1985. Afterward people steadily decline just over 200 in 1995. Then participants rapidly went down in 50 from 1995 to 2005.
Students should be taught academic knowledge so that they can pass exams, and skills such as cooking or dressing should not be taught. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Please, write about 250 words approximately. You have 40 minutes to complete this Task.
The graph compares the GDP per capita, cost of a Toyota Camry and approximate length of time it takes for 1 citizen to purchase that mode of transport in eight Asian countries.
The supplied line graph displays average carbon dioxide discharges per individual UK, Sweden, Italy and Portugal from 1967 to 2007. Overall, while CO2 emissions in the United Kingdom and Sweden experienced a decline, emissions in Italy and Portugal displayed significant growth. Among the four countries,the United Kingdom consistently had the highest emissions througout the period, while Portugal had the lowest emissions initially however saw the substantial increases over time. In 1967 CO2 emissions in metric tones of the in Italy and Portugal witnessed with a steady annual rise, while United Kingdom initially had was a peak, around 11 CO2 emissions in metric tones throughout the entire period. However, CO2 emissions in Unites Kingdom fell gradually from 1967 to 2007. At this level Swedon soared in 1967 before experiencing with dipped to 2007. Meanwhile CO2 emissions in metric tones of the Italy, Portugal witnessed with upward trend. The amount of CO2 emissions surged between 1967 and 1977 with CO2 emissions approximately 1 and 4 respectively. In 1977, there was a steadily steady increase.
The given illustrations depict the progress of tools used for cutting in the Stone Age. Overall, it is obvious that Tool B overcame dramatic modifications to become larger and more sophisticated than Tool A. Regarding tool A, it first appeared about 1,4 million years ago and was used by prehistoric people for various purposes. Tool A was small and did not have a particular shape, just approximately 7-8 centimetres in length. As we can see in the diagrams, this tool was made in a crude way with the front view and back view not identical. Moreover, its edge was extremely blunt which proved that it was not sharpened well. In contrast, tool B showed us that it underwent about 0,7 million years to become more advanced and sharper than tool A. The front view and back view of tool B were almost symmetrical with a water drop shape. Additionally, tool B was not only bigger than tool A but also more pointy and even than tool A which claimed that tool B could be used for many cutting tasks more effectively.
The diagram illustrates the multitude of steps a book undergoes before being published. Overall, there are nine stages a manuscript goes through before being released to the readership. After being written, the manuscript is sent from the writer to the publishing house in order to be meticulously analyzed and studied. Once the book is validated, a contract between the author and the publisher has to be agreed upon and signed. The next step consists of designing the layout for the book using computer science, before getting the final validation. Then comes the moment of printing, in other words, put the data from a digital form to a paper form. The printing is followed by the bookbinding. In fact, the editor chooses the correct format of the manuscript. Finally, the volume can be delivered to many bookshops so it can be commercialized. All the process takes approximately a timespan of 18 to 24 months. To conclude we can say that the release of a writing production in a paper format, no matter the literature genre (not gender) of it, needs numerous steps. These are 9 stations to be exact, and require full collaboration between a publishing house and the author.
The diagrams below show the life cycle of a species of large fish called the salmon. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. upper river (slow moving) approx 5-6 months reeds small stones salmon eggs lower river (fast flowing) approx 4 years open sea approx 5 years 'smolt 'adult salmon' 12-158m 70-76cm_
The given bar chart illustrates the percentage of illiterate male and female in 6 different regions in the last year. Overall, it can be seen that South Asia had the highest rate of illteracy whereas developed countries has the lowest one. Additionally, the number of illiterary female was always more than that of male in all region during the survey. Regarding 3 regions that had a low percentage of people in illiteracy. In developed countries and Latin American or Caribbean, both the illteracy rate of males and females was similar, about 2% apart. Meanwhile, exactly 20% of illiterate females in East Asia,which doubled that of males. Turning to 3 remaining regions where the rate of illiterate people was high. There are above 30%, under 32% and approximately 35% male in illiteracy in Sub-Saharan Africa, Arab States and South Asia, respectively. All of them was two of third that of females.
The pie chart highlights the repartition of dance classes in percentage between numerous types of institutions, while the bar graph illustrates the style of dance courses two groups of youngsters follow. Overall, private studios represent the main amenity for dance classes and most of the youth under the age of 11 practice ballet whilst the teenagers from 11 to 16 years old prefer modern dance. Looking in closer detail at the chart, we can notice that private studios head the locations of dance classes accounting for 48%. In addition, school halls come in the second position, representing 24%. Community halls and other schools follow with a rate of 18%. Finally, a small percentage of 10% is attributed to college-based studios. The bar graph brings more pieces of information concerning the style of dancing practised regarding the age. In fact, the majority of ballet dancers belong to the under-11 group, accounting for more than 600 students. Modern style of dancing is, on the contrary, practised by approximately 500 students from the age of 11 to 16 years old. Furthermore, the tap dance courses are almost equally followed by the two groups.
A glance at the table reveals the number of visitors to Ashadown Museum before and after its renovation. Additionally, two pie charts provide information about visitor satisfaction during these two periods. It is evident from the table that the number of visitors significantly increased to 92,000 after the renovation, compared to approximately 74,000 before the reconstruction. Among these groups, the rate of dissatisfied visitors saw the most significant change, dropping from 40 percent before the museum's redecoration to a remarkable decline of 15 percent after. In contrast, the rate of very satisfied visitors experienced an exponential increase, rising from 15 percent before the renovation to 35 percent after. Furthermore, the percentage of satisfied visitors also showed a rise of 10 percent after the changes to the museum, reaching approximately 40 percent. Similarly, both the groups of very dissatisfied visitors and those who did not respond showed a similar percentage of 5 percent in the year following the refurbishment of the museum.
Give me an approximate score out of 9 for Ielts based on this question: some people believe that professional such as doctors and engineers should work in the country where they did their training. Other believe that they should be free to work in another country they wish. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
The bar graph illustrates the fluctuations in the growth rate value of average properties in Algeria, China, and Argentina throughout 2007 and 2010. Overall, while China showed an abrupt rise in their property price over the period analyzed, Algeria experienced a consistent decrease and Argentina exhibited a variation pattern. China began 2007 being the last position with only 2% growth in regular property prices, however, it exhibited a significant increase of around 4.3% in 2008, keeping the rise pattern in 2009 with just above 5.0%, until it reached over 6.0% in 2010. In contrast, Algeria, which led the percentage rise in 2007 with just above 6.0%, experienced an important and gradual decline to 4.5% in 2008 and afterward reached approximately 3.0% in 2009 and 2010. Argentina, on the other hand, exhibited fluctuations throughout the period, beginning with an increase of 3% in percentage growth priced in 2007, then peaked almost 5% in 2008. Subsequently, it experienced a significant drop to almost 1% in 2009, so it rose again to under 2.5% in 2010.
The graph illustrates the percentage of Australian exports to four countries (Japan, the US, China, and India) over a period of 22 years from 1990 to 2012. In general, the percentage of exports to Japan and the US decreased over the period, while exports to China and India increased. Regarding China, the export percentage stood at around 4% in 1990 and rose gradually to 5% by 2000. After 2000, there was a dramatic increase, reaching approximately 28% in 2012, the highest among the four countries. In contrast, exports to India remained steady between 1990 and 2000 at around 2-3%. From 2000 to 2010, the percentage increased gradually from 4% to about 7% before falling to 5% in 2012. Exports to Japan experienced a steady decrease over the 22-year period, starting at around 26% in 1990 and falling to just over 15% in 2012. For the US, the export percentage fluctuated during the first 10 years, hovering around 10-11%, before gradually falling from 11% in 2000 to 5% in 2010. Interestingly, there was a slight rise from 5% to 6% between 2010 and 2012.
The pie chart highlights the repartition of dance classes in percentage between numerous types of institutions, while the bar graph illustrates the style of dance courses two groups of youngsters follow. Overall, private studios represent the main amenity for dance classes and most of youth under the age of 11 practice ballet whilst the teenagers from 11 to 16 years old prefer modern dance. Looking in closer detail at the chart, we can notice that private studios head the locations of dance classes accounting for 48%. In addition, school halls come in the second position, representing 24%. Community halls and other schools follow with a rate of 18%. Finally, a small percentage of 10% is attributed to college-based studios. The bar graph brings more pieces of information concerning the style of dancing practiced regarding the age. In fact, the majority of ballet dancers belongs to the under 11 group, accounting for more than 600 students. Modern style of dancing is, in contrary, practiced by approximately 500 students from the age of 11 to 16 years old. Furthermore, the tap dance courses are almost equally followed by the two groups.
The chart above shows the number of men and woman in further education in Britain in three periods and whther they studying full-time or part-time compares both genders although decided received تلقى substantial increase around 100 doubling comparison مقارنه escalated (تصاعدت) from 50 thousand in 1970/71 to almost 200 thousand in 1980/81, at the same level as males a decade later. approximately considerably الى حد كبير . In contrast,
You have approximately 20 minutes to complete this task. The diagram below shows how a biofuel called ethanol is produced. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. Your report should comprise a minimum of 150 words.
Food travels in thousands of miles from farm to the consumers. Many people think eating food from local people would be beneficial to the environment and the economy. This trend 's advantages outweigh disadvantages? (approximately 250 words)
The bar graph illustrates the frequency of eating at fast food restaurants amongst Americans between 2003 and 2013. Overall, most Americans eat at those restaurants between once a week to twice a month. Looking in closer detail at the chart, it can be observed that just over 30 % of people in USA used to eat in fast foods once a week whilst 30% used to eat in fast food once or twice a week. A minority of people never consumed fast food neither consumed it daily .In 2006, a slight increase in the frequency of once week can be noticed. At the same time, the percentage of several times a week consumers growth moving from around 16% to exactly 20%; as well as the feature of once or twice a month . Furthermore, there were still few people, approximatively 3%, who were daily fast-food customers. Finally, in 2013, about 33% of people used to eat fast food once or twice a month and still a tiny portion of individuals used to purchase fast foods every day or never.
Part 2 Students should be taught academic knowledge so that they can pass exams, and skills such as cooking or dressing should not be taught. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Please, write about 250 words approximately. You have 40 minutes to complete this Task.
The presented table compares data about the proportion of workers whose jobs were in 6 various industries in Australia from 1989 to 2009.
Overall, it was important that the percentage of all sectors other than Manufacturing and REtail increased over the period of 20 years.
According to the diagram, manufacturing, the main sector that had the highest fraction of employees in 1989 in Australia, formed 15% in the beginning; then it reduced to 9.8% in 2009.In addition, Retail declined from 11.8% in 1989 to just over one-tenth in 2009. In contrast to the prior elements the portion of health care composed 9.6% in 1989; thereafter, it rose to 11.3% in 2009.
The graph demonstrates that Construction constituted 7.6% in 1989, after that, it roughly 1% climbed in 2009. Education and Tourism, making up approximately the same portion as each other in 2009 at almost 7.5%, constituted respectively 6.8 and 5.5 per cent at the start.
Space travel to the moon is considered ‘a step of mankind’. But some people think that space travel has made little difference on people’s lives today. To what extent do you agree or disagree ? (approximately 250 words)
The bar chart compares the yearly number of visitors in 3 different museums from 2007 to 2012. Overall, the peak of visitors' number was in 2012, while the lowest point was in 2009 and 2010. Victoria and Albert Museum was the most popular from 2007 to 2009. During 2007-2008 its annual number of visitors remained constant at about 14 million people per year. However, the figure started to decline rapidly in 2009, and reached its lowest point of about 8 millions in 2010, becoming the least popular museum for the rest of the period. After that, the number of Victoria and Albert Museum's visitors gradually rose up to 10 million visitors within 2 years. British Museum was the second most popular in 2007, being outraced by Victoria and Albert Museum. Nevertheless, its number of visitors experienced a sharp fall in 2008 and remained unchanged the following year. Then, the figure started to increase. It reached its peak of approximately 14 million visitors in 2012, regaining its position of 2007. National Gallery Museum showed the most notable development with a steady growth throughout the period. Being the least popular museum in the beginning, it experienced a growth of more than 10 million visitors over 6-year period, and became the most visited museum in 2012.
The graph shows the proportion of the population aged 65 and over between 1940 and 2040 in three different countries observed لاحظ approximately تقريبي . In contrast, في المقابل remained under 5%. anticipated متوقع slump ركود expected respectively
The line graph displays the stock values of four different high-tech corporations from 2011 to 2016. Overall, Facebook’s value steadily increased, while Yahoo’s decreased. Apple’s stock price fluctuated wildly throughout the period and Google’s stayed relatively unchanged. Facebook started the period with a stock market valuation of approximately 7,500 and this consistently moved up in value year on year to reach a peak of around 20,000 in 2016. Yahoo began the recorded period with a very similar value to Facebook, but in contrast, its stock devalued every year, until it reached a low of about 2,500 in 2016. Apple stock was valued at just below 5,000 in 2011 and this jumped dramatically to nearly 35,000 the following year, before plummeting to around 7,000 in 2013. It recovered slightly in 2014 to around 12,000 and subsequently fell to a price of just over 5,000 in 2016. Google’s shares remained at around 1,000 for the entire period.
The graph demonstrates information about the amount of male and female prisoners from 1991 to 2001 in a country in Europe. Overall, it can be seen that the population of male convicts increased at the end of the time scale while the female prison population witnessed an opposite tendency. Additionally, the males in prison outnumbered the females throughout the timeframe. Looking at the figure of men in prison for further detail, it is evident that male prisoners remained unchanged from 1911 to 1921 with 2000 members. After reaching a dip in 1931 with around 10000 men, the number soared slightly and accounted for 2000 in 1951. In 1971, the figure rocketed and reached the peak at the final year of the timeframe with approximately 45000 people. Turning to the remaining statistics of the female convicts, it is apparent that the trend witnessed a sudden decline from 1911 to 1941. After dipping in 1941, the number of females rose marginally and constituted about 1500 people in 1961.