The diagram below show the change that have taken place at Queen Mary hospital since its construction in 1960.
The money spent by government on space program would be better spent on vital public services such as schools and hospitals. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Not enough student chose science subjects in university in many countries. What are the reason for this problem? What's the effects on society?
The chart below shows the results of a survey about patients who stayed in different wards of a hospital. The chart also shows the percentage of patients who replied ‘very good’ about the various aspects of their hospital experience.
When the time comes to commence full-time employment, individuals who have graduated from university deserve a higher salary than those who have not. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
Public transit (e.g. buses, local trains, metros/subways) play an important role in helping residents and visitors get around large cities Public transit should be free at all times for those who want to use it. Discuss both sides and give your opinion.
# (Complaint Letter)
You stayed in a hotel and was not satisfied with service. Write a letter to manager.
- why you chose this hotel
- what problems did you face
- tell the manager what to do
Psychological illnesses may not be as obvious as physical disabilities or illnesses. Nevertheless, they are just as disabling in their own way. Society, however, is more accepting of those with physical than psychological illnesses or disabilities, The latter being regarded as a taboo subject sometimes. To what extent do you agree with this view?
Write a letter to a teacher asking for a reference letter for a job and explain:
– Why you have chosen him to write the reference letter
– What kind of job you are applying for
– Why you think you are suitable for this job
Write a letter to the hospital. In your letter:
• Explain why you would like to do unpaid work at the hospital
• Say what type of unpaid work you would be able to do
• Give details of when you would be available for this work
Begin your letter as follows: Dear Sir or Madam
THE LINE GRAPH SHOWS THE ADVERAGE NUMBER OF WEEKLY PATIENTS VISITING FOUR CLINICS OF A HOSPITAL FROM 2010 TO 2016.
As a global trade increase, many goods including those we use on a daily basis are producing in another country and have to be transported long distances. Do benefits of this trend outweigh disadvantages?
Some people believe that university students should be free to choose any courses they want to study, while others argue that they should only be allowed to study courses that will be useful in the future such as those related to science and technology. Discuss both views and give your opinion
Last week a player of the team had an accident and wasnt able to play with you this weekend. You decided to write to him in the hospital . Telling him about the match.
tell him wich team won
describe the conditions
say how you felt about the match
People from cities go to university more often than those who live in the country. Some people think that the government should make it easier to enter universities for people who live outside the cities and towns by setting lower entry requirements and tuition fees. to what extent do you agreee or disagree with this statement.
A significant change in education has led students around the world to obtain knowledge, either in the theoretical or the practical field. Generally speaking, many universities in the world have provided a good system in education with a purpose to improve the quality of education offered to their students. To make a good system to be more implemented, universities commonly give students the a time to gain experience in the practical field. The opportunity could be a program with the aim to encourage students in applying their theoretical knowledge in practice.
The need for a better progress for today and the future is one of the reasons many students are looking for well-known companies to do an outside class learning. There are many efforts that must be done to get a good place to work. And, by this process, students are often faced daunting choice for determining companies. There are many steps that they must be dealing with the recruitment, it could be a long process of recruitment. The situation that students face will be more complicated when they must deal with the visa procedures in the country of destination.
The situation above is often experienced by students who are willing to do internship abroad. As the impact, the situation is successfully created demands on providing the service to those students. Many internship business providers were established to help and solve a long process of placement. The company has the sole purpose of providing a good placement for international and local students.
Students often feel reluctant to do internship since they are afraid of doing menial tasks. Those menial tasks such as making copies or making coffee are not able to fulfil their high expectation. Due to students’ expectation is not only about doing menial tasks, but they are also highly expected to have meaningful experiences which enable them to apply the hard and soft skill. Those experiences provide many opportunities for their future, real-world experiences, networking, time management, and career foundations.
To work in companies, students have experiences to work hands on with the real business. A good working place will provide an opportunity for students preparing for their priorities direction. Generally speaking, the people in companies will help interns by giving direction to their job. Students will receive guidance during their probation to achieve good performances. An Internship is a way to test drive jobs for students, whether they are able to pursue their goals or explore different career options.
Networking are often given by companies to students in order to gain new connections and learn how to communicate in a professional way. Many students expect this opportunity to explore their ability in communication as well as building companies’ connection. As students expect to meet business professionals in their field, networking is a proper place to practice their communication skill to bring positive impact to companies.
Time management will train students to be better at managing their self and for the company. They won’t be able to survive in the company if they do not set up priorities. On the other side, they also must make all tasks is well organized, for examples finishing tasks on deadlines, handling phone calls or managing time to break or get permission. Students must notice how crucial time management in global business as it makes tasks become well organized.
They expect internship can be a career foundation for their future. They perceive that choosing the right path will help them to set up their career. Most students choose the companies based on the linearity of the interest and prospects. As a conclusion, students are willing to do the internship with the hope to improve their ability to work for their next step in life.
You have missed some important papers accidently in a taxi.
Write a letter to the manager of the Taxi company. In your letter:
⦁ Give the details of your journey
⦁ Explain why those papers are important for you
⦁ Suggest what can the manager do
Today Advertisement me 1 message No attachment 1:55 AM No Subject These days, there is a widespread argument on the issue of whether large companies should provide sports and community facilities to the local people. While some still hold to the conservative view, I strongly argue that it is expected from large companies to establish sports and community facilities for the local people. The reasons for this are as follows. First of all, it is vitally important that large companies attempt to compensate for the harm they have brought to the local populations’ lives. Although such companies as Ferray factory have generated higher employment opportunities for the local residents, their ecological damages and disruptive impacts on residents’ daily lives like air pollution, noise pollution and heavy traffic are undeniable. In order to alleviate applied drawbacks, building sports gyms, health clinics and schools could be compensating. It is, therefore, necessary for large companies to pay adequate attention to the locals' tranquillity. Yet, perhaps the strongest argument in favour of this issue is the tremendous merits that would return to benefit those companies. Of course, investing in such facilities would impose an economic burden on large companies, nonetheless, this approach would increase convenience and enjoyment for their employees as well, resulting in efficiency growth at work. For instance, having provided such facilities for locals by Google company resulted in a peaceful life as well as an increase in the workers' innovation and problem-solving skills. Additionally, this would be associated with skilled workforces in the future. So, rather than considering building facilities for the public redundant, fulfilling these methods is advisable in the long term. By way of conclusion, I once again reaffirm my position that dedicating funds to providing facilities for local people is justified. Furthermore, warning the chief executive of the consequences of both implementing and ignoring this policy would encourage them to inv me 1 message No attachment 1:18 AM No Subject The graphs below show the percentage of graduates that got full-time jobs after graduating from a university in Australia, and the average salary of both these types of graduates, from 2004 to 2012. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. A glance at the line graph provided compares the rate of full-time recruitment among Math graduates and other graduates from an Australian university, while, the table illustrates their salaries during th me 1 message No attachment 1:17 AM No Subject All large companies should provide sports and community facilities to the local community. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from own knowledge or experience. These days, there is a widespread argument on the issue of whether large companies should provide sports and community facilities to the local people. While some still hold to the conservative view, I strongly argue that it is expected from large companies to establish sports and community facilities to the local people. The reasons for this are as follows. First of all, it is vitally important that large companies attempt to compensate for the harms they have brought to the local populations’ lives. Although such companies have generated higher employment opportunities for the local residents, their ecological damages and disruptive impacts on residents’ daily lives are undeniable. A salient example of this is air pollution, noise pollution and heavy traffic that local individuals have to tolerate. In order to alleviate applied drawbacks, building sports gyms, health clinics and schools could be compensating. It is, therefore, necessary for large companies to pay adequate attention to the locals' tranquility. Yet, perhaps the strongest argument in favour of this issue are the tremendous merits that would return to benefit those companies. Of course, investing on such facilities would impose economic burden to large companies, however, this approach would increase convenience and enjoyment for their employees as well, resulting in the efficiency growth at work. For instance, having provided such facilities for locals by Google company resulted in a peaceful life as well as an increase in the workers innovation and problem-solving skills. Additionally, this would be associated with skilled work forces in the future. So Yesterday Deel Immigration 1 message No attachment Nov 26 Essential Immigration Tips for a Stress-Free Holiday Discover essential travel tips, potential U.S. visa changes, and exciting updates like Kyrgyzstan's new digital nomad status. View in browser Hello Golchin, As the holiday season approaches, we're here to help you navigate the latest in immigration and travel. This month's newsletter is packed with essential tips for international travel, insights into potential U.S. visa changes, and exciting updates like Kyrgyzstan's new digital nomad status. Plus, join our webinars to stay ahead in global mobility. New t Monday scholarshipdb.net 1 message No attachment Nov 25 10 new job/jobs on site scholarshipdb.net scholarshipdb.net Hello [email protected] There are 10 new positions matching your search criteria Project manager, 18 Nov 2024 PhD position: Engineering advanced heart-on-chip devices (f/m/d), 20 Nov 2024 Postdoctoral researcher in shared mobility , 22 Nov 2024 Postdoctoral Research Associate, 22 Nov 2024 Faculty Instructor Research - Full-Time, 23 Nov 2024 Postdoctoral position: Developing a human lymphoid organ-on-chip to evaluate candidate mRNA vaccines, 22 Nov 2024 Veterinary Hospital Supervis Sunday آکادمی سنجش از دور 1 message No attachment Nov 24 🌏🌏تخفیف بزرگ روز GIS دوره های جدید جی آی اس🌏 view_in_browser دوره های آنلاین آموزش های جامع آموزش های کاربردی آموزش رایگان سلام خدمت همه متخصصین به لحظه های پایانی تخفیف GIS Day رسیدیم و تخفیف 42 درصدی برای همه آموزش ها و دوره ها برای اعمال تخفیف از کد زیر استفاده کنید کد تخفیف 42 درصدی فقط تا یکشنبه = gisday ورود به بخش Last week Mahdi Modarres 1 message Message has attachments Nov 23 یادگیری آیلتس با چاشنی تند تخفیف 🔔زنگ پر تخفیف بلک فرایدی ⏰ از شنبه ۳ آذر تا جمعه ۹ آذر 💰تخفیف ۷۰٪ دوره های آیلتس ⚠ فقط برای ۷۰ نفر اول در سایت www.ieltsmodarres.com Mahdi Modarres 1 message Message has attachments Nov 23 یادگیری آیلتس با چاشنی تند تخفیف 🔔زنگ پر تخفیف بلک فرایدی ⏰ از شنبه ۳ آذر تا جمعه ۹ آذر 💰تخفیف ۷۰٪ دوره های آیلتس ⚠ فقط برای ۷۰ نفر اول در سایت www.ieltsmodarres.com IELTS Tehran 1 message No attachment Nov 23 Are you really ready for your CD IELTS exam? داوطلب گرامی Golchin Azizinaybin، از اینکه ثبت نام آزمون آیلتس خود را در موسسه آیلتس تهران انجام دادید از شما سپاسگزاریم. تقریبا تمامی مواردی که به نمره قبولی آیلتس نیاز دارند، دارای مراحل متعددی هستند که دریافت نمره آیلتس فقط یکی از آنهاست. از این رو هدف تیم کمک و همیاری با داوطلبان به منظور me 1 message No attachment Nov 22 No Subject The graph below shows the number of films produced by five countries in three years. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. A glance at the graph provided compares the number of movies produced by five nations in 2007, 2008 and 2009. In general, compared to other nations, A and B countries made the highest cooperation in producing a higher number of movies. It is evident from the information supplied that the bigest film producer was nation A which published 90 movies in both 2007 and 2008, and a slightly lower 80 ones a year later. Yet, by far the most significant change to take place during this oeriod was the increased produced movies by nation B from 50 movies in 2007 and 2008 to 70 movies in 2009. In stark contrast, however, the other countrirs played the least role in producing movies. Having produced less than 20 movies in the all three years, nation A experienced an upward trend in this field, while nation D and E virtually saw a stable trend. Advertisement me 1 message No attachment Nov 22 No Subject People believe that they should be able to keep all the money they earn and should not pay tax to the state. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from own knowledge or experience. The past 50 years have seen a dramatic increase in striks and complaints against paying tax to the state. While some argue that it is their civil right to save all their income without fraction fot tax, in this essay, I intend to argue that it i آکادمی سنجش از دور 1 message No attachment Nov 22 🔰جشنواره روز جی آی اس آموزش های خود را در روز GIS تهیه کنید🌏 view_in_browser دوره های آنلاین آموزش های جامع آموزش های کاربردی آموزش رایگان سلام خدمت همه متخصصین بالاخره به GIS Day رسیدیم و تخفیف 42 درصدی برای همه آموزش ها و دوره ها برای اعمال تخفیف از کد زیر استفاده کنید کد تخفیف 42 درصدی فقط تا ظهر شنبه = gisday ورود به بخ [email protected] 1 message No attachment Nov 22 New jobs posted from careers.pacificorp.com You are receiving this email because you joined the PacifiCorp Talent Community on 6/14/23. You will receive these messages every 7 day(s). Your Job Agent (Environmental Analyst (Mid/Sr), Portland, OR (Remote work available) #110492, Portland OR US) matched the following jobs at careers.pacificorp.com. ((Click to modify)) Environmental Analyst (Mid, Sr.), Portland, OR #112739 - PORTLAND, OR, US, 97232 Systems & Development Analyst 1/2/3 or Senior (Portland, OR) #111393 - PORTLAND, OR, US, 97232 Systems & De me 1 message No attachment Nov 22 No Subject The diagram below shows the process by which bricks are manufactured for the building industry. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant. Given is a figure illustrating the detailed process of brick production which entails 5 stages. In general, it is an environmentally unfriendly process due to the huge amount of natural resources consumption and ecological damages. First, the raw material for brick manufacturing which is a type of sticky earth named clay is excavated by diggers. Having passed them through a metal grid into a roller machine separates useless big pieces of stones. The acquired substances then, blended with sand and water and poured in mould or a bigger container which demand wire to cut them into standard size of brick. Yet, the gained bricks are smooth and should be dried in an oven for 24 to 48 hours. Finally, they are transferred into the first kiln of moderate temperature and then the second kiln with 870 to 1300 centigrade in cooling chamber for 48 to 72 hours. Afterwards, they are ready to be packed and delivered. me 1 message No attachment Nov 22 No Subject Some people believe music plays an important role in society, while others think it is only a form of entertainment for individuals. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. These days, there is a widespread disagreement on the issue of whether music have a positive impact on humans’ lives or is just a tool for entertaining. While some contend that it has just entertaining consumption, in this essay, Penn State World Campus 1 message No attachment Nov 21 We celebrate you this season A look inside the life of an online learner. As we prepare to close the books on another year, we want to take this opportunity to thank you for considering Penn State as a partner in online learning. One of the best parts of the season is catching up with friends and family. Over the holidays, many of our students find themselves answering questions about online learning and their Penn State World Campus experience. We made a quick video for our students, covering some of the most common questions they may Penn State World Campus 1 message No attachment Nov 20 Meet your Penn State leadership We are always available to help our lifelong learners. Golchin, We're excited about your interest in Penn State World Campus and wanted to give you a sense of our commitment to student success, starting at the top. Our leadership consists of administrators with strong educational backgrounds and a dedication to ensuring students have the resources and support they need to succeed. Our faculty and department heads have deep expertise in their fields combined with a passion for supporting adult learners. Our Indeed 1 message No attachment Nov 20 Jada Staffing Inc. is hiring for GIS Specialist. 9 more GIS jobs in United States. Apply now at Lumen, Enviva, and GAI Consultants INC 10 new GIS jobs in United States These job ads match your saved job alert ¹ GIS Specialist Jada Staffing Inc. Remote $52.50 - $65.00 an hour Easily apply Demonstrate experience with GIS and web server setup and configuration, ensuring reliable integration of LACPS with web-based mapping and reporting tools.6 days ago Geographic information specialist - USC/GC Candid8 Remote $55 - $60 an hour Easily apply Manage GIS data and develop GIS-based solutions to me 1 message No attachment Nov 20 No Subject The past 50 years have seen a dramatic increase in downloading books and music from the internet. Despite the undeniable economic harm that copyrighted books and music have brought to their producers' lives, I intend to argue that the overall benefits of this are numerous. The reasons for this are as follows. First of all, it is an irrefutable fact that the availability of books and music on the Internet for free would result in a significant decline in the number of published ones in the future. Downloadin (No Subject) me To golchin azizi 1:18 AM Nov 27 at 1:18 AM The graphs below show the percentage of graduates that got full-time jobs after graduating from a university in Australia, and the average salary of both these types of graduates, from 2004 to 2012. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. A glance at the line graph provided compares the rate of full-time recruitment among Math graduates and other graduates from an Australian university, while, the table illustrates their salaries during the period from 2004 to 2012. In general, it seems that math graduates not only were more successful in finding full-time jobs but earned more than other graduates. It is evident from the information supplied that the rate of full-time employment for math graduates was higher than graduates of other majors, experiencing a steady trend between 75% and 80%. However, it fluctuated considerably for other graduates. From 65% in 2004, it peaked at 82% in 2006, before dropping to less than 60% in 2012. Interestingly, Math graduates earned more than other graduates. Although their salaries were the same at $41000 in 2004 and $43000 in 2006, after 2008 the gap between them increased. Having earned $50000 in 2008, math graduates’ income reached $56000 in 2012. Meanwhile other graduates experienced a marginal growth in their income which was $45000 in 2008 and $51000 in 2012. Ownership of mobile phones has risen dramatically in recent years despite the potentially harmful effects they may have on our health and on society. Governments should introduce measures to restrict ownership of mobile phones to those who need them for their work. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?
In many countries senior positions have higher salaries compared to those of young workers of the same company. Some people think this isn’t justified. Do you agree or disagree?
Your local hospital has advertised for people to do unpaid work helping at the hospital. you would like to do some work at the hospital in your free time.
write a letter to the hospital. In your letter
- explain why you would like to do unpaid work at the hospital
-Say what type of unpaid work you would be able to do
- give details of when you would be available for this work
Many processed foods and ready-made meals contain preservatives and chemicals. Despite knowing this, many people still prefer to eat those foods. Why this is the case? What could be done to encourage people to eat more home-cooked food?
Some families have opted to teach their children at home. Why do you think this is?
In your opinion, do you think that all children should be taught in a school environment? Say why you think home-schooling would not be a good idea and also point out some benefits for this chosen form of education.
You are planning a trip and you would like to invite a friend with you.
Write a letter to your friend. In your letter:
- Explain the trip details
- Say why you chose this friend
- Suggest him/her to bring necessary things
People doing dangerous sport activities like scuba diving and bungee jumping should be responsible for their own life and rescue workers should not risk their lives to save people doing those sports . Do you agree or disagree ?
Some people prefer to provide help and support directly to those in need. Others however prefer to give money to national and international charitable organisations. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion
The two maps below show road acess to a city hospital in 2007 and 2010. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparison wherever relevent.
Some people believe that people who read books for pleasure can develop more imagination and language skills than those who prefer to watch TV. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Some people think that all university students should study whatever they like. Others beleive that they should only be allowed to study subjects that will be useful in the future, such as those related to science and technology. discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
In many countries, especially tourism-driven ones, there has been a long-lasting controversy over the matter of whether cultural traditions such as historical sites should be commercialized and used as tourist attractions. While I agree with the idea that to some extent, tourism exerts a negative influence on the culture of a country, I would argue that only through this business sector can such valuable assets be preserved for posperity.
On the one hand, opponents of cultural tourism claim that it would have destructive effects on the host country’s culture. Essentially, both tangible cultural traditions such as royal palaces and intangible ones like traditional music were established and uphold by a restricted group of indigenous people who show deep appreciation for their own assets. Conversely, exposuring such cultural items to the wider public inevitably means that they are more prone deviations and damages. For instance, craftmen, with a view to catering for tourists’ preferences, might create artifacts whose traits differ from the conventional products’. The pressing issues of vandalism and desecration of historic buildings commited by travellers is another example sufficing to illustrate this point.
On the other hand, those who support cultural-based tourism maintain that this is the only means with which the preservation of traditions could be achieved. Any cultural value would require the public’s recognition and physical upkeep in order to last. Through introducing foreign visitors to the tangible and intangible cultural values of the native, not only can those values be appreciated by a wider group of people, but they would also receive better maintenance thanks to the tax revenues generated from the tourism sector. Japan and South Korea are two high-profile examples of countries that have effectively values incorporated their traditional in tourism, attracting a large number of visitors from overseas by means of their culture, while widely promoting their traditional assets to foreigners.
To sum up, while tourist-generated degradation of traditional values is an unwanted consequence of culture-based tourism, this business plays a pivotal role in the preservation of such values.
The diagrams give illustrations as to how the Queen Mary Hospital has changed since 1960.
The pie chart explains what anthropology graduates chose for their path after graduation. In addition, the table describes the salaries of anthropologists after 5 years of their careers.
Some believe hosting major international sporting events will bring benefits to the country. Others believe it might bring disadvantages. Discuss both these views and give your opinion
You recently applied for two separate jobs. Both have chosen to hire you, but you must write a letter to one of them explaining why you are unable to take the position. Include in your letter:
– An apology
– An explanation of your situation
As can be seen from the diagram, there exist great changes in the average life expectarcy among six different countres. It is clear from the chart that Monaco has the highest average life apeaiancy, reaching nearly 90 years The USA follows, with an average life expectancy of around 80. plus years.The Philippines has an average life expectancy of about 70 years. Laes and Ruanda show relatively lower figures, with average life expectancies of approximately 60and 50- pus years respectively. Kenya has the lowest average life, expectancy among these countries, standing at around 50 years. Orerall, the average life expectaney in Monaco is the highest, that in Kenya is the lowest, and those in the other countries are quite similar
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is more important to read or watch news presented by people whose views are different from your own than it is to read or watch news presented by those whose views are similar to your own. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
The table gives information how many people visited the Ashdown Museum both before and after it was renovated. The pie chart illustrates the result of a survey which shows the satisfaction of visitors who visited in those periods.
You are organizing a trip to the Snowy Mountains in New South Wales for a group of students from Perth in Western Australia.
Write to the manager of Student Hostel Services and explain when you want to visit the Snowy Mountains, how long you will stay, how many students are in your party, and what accommodation you will require.
ownership of mobile phones has risen dramatically in the recent years despite the potentially harmful effects they might have on our health and on our society. Governments should introduce measurement to restrict ownership of mobile phones to those who need them for their work. to what extent do you agree or disagree?
You recently visited a friend in their new house and noticed that a few items were not functioning properly. Write a letter to your friend. In your letter:
Thank them for hosting you.
Mention the items that were not working properly.
Suggest what they could do to fix these issues.
some sports are extremely dangerous for those who play them. why do people participate in such sports? what measures could they take to minimize the risks involved?
Write a letter to the manager of a hotel where you stayed and left two important things
- Give details of your stay
- Why those two things are important
- How he can return the things to you
It costs a lot of money for a country to host an international sports event, such as the Olympic Games or football World Cup. Some people think that this is a waste of money, while others believe the opposite. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
Some people think that all university students should study whatever they Like. Others believe that they should only be allowed to study Subjects tnat will be useful in the future, such as those related to science and technology. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
In the future, more people will chose to go on holidays in their own country and not travel abroad on holidays. Do you agree or disagree?
Recent advances in air travel have focused only on those sitting in upper class and have left other passengers with no benefits. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Some people think that tourism benefits the host country. Others think that tourism causes problems for the host country. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
You are just back from a long journey and you met an airline hostess who was rude to you on the plane. Write a letter
to the manager and in the letter, you should mention:
• Why did you write this letter?
• What did this hostess do to you?
• What is your expectation?
You do NOT need to write any addresses.
Begin your letter as follows:
When visiting foreign countries, some people think it is advantageous to learn their cultures and traditions. How do you think people can learn other cultures and traditions? Why some people are interested in learning those traditions and cultures while others not?
The diagrams below show the results of a survey from Taiwan explaining how students, wanting to study overseas, chose a university from 1998-2008.