Some people say that in all levels of education, from the primary schools to universities, too much time is spend on learning facts and not enough on learning practiacal skills. Do you agree or disagree?

Everyone makes mistakes. The

first

thing we need to acknowledge is that people can not be totally rational since the objective cause of information asymmetry and the subjective cause of social and psychological factors.

For example

, in human resource management, manager may have a bias impression on their employees due to the

first

impression, halo effect, stereotype, project effect, and immediate cause effect. Based on these effects, we may understand why the Jewish identity of Dreyfus can bring bias impression on others.

Then

I’d like to use the word “narcissism” to explain why people think they are right even if they’re wrong. Narcissism can be explained by extremely high

self-esteem

or by extremely low

self-esteem

that people are trying to mask. High

self-esteem

often goes with overconfidence and status-conscious,

this

kind of people have a strong belief of their judgements and may easily feel offended when others have different opinions. Compared with maintaining their authority, the truth doesn't matter.

This

is the reason why they refuse to release Dreyfus from prison.

However

, in our daily life, we should

also

be aware of people with low

self-esteem

. For

this

kind of people, they are sensitive to other people's comments and view neutral comments as criticism,

thus

ascribe the error to society rather than themselves. To sum up, if we really want to improve our judgment, the

first

thing we need is the knowledge about how to improve our rational thinking.

Besides

, we should avoid being narcissistic, we need to feel proud

instead

of ashamed when we notice we might have been wrong about something.