Information technology is making it increasingly easy to collect and access computerised data on individuals, which poses a threat to our privacy. In what ways can the information gathered be misused and what can be done to minimise these misuses and protect the privacy of the individual?

Information

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on private citizens has been collected and stored in electronic form by governments and

organisations

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for many years.

However

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, with the advent of the Internet,

information

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about our finances, health, relationships and tastes as consumers can now be easily accessed and disseminated without our knowledge or consent.

As a result

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of

this

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, unscrupulous

individuals

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and

organisations

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can misuse

this

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information

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and threaten our privacy. There are a number of ways in which personal

data

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can be misused. The most common is probably the trading of consumers' personal details between commercial

organisations

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with the aim of targeting potential customers.

This

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leads to people being inundated with unsolicited promotional leaflets, catalogues and emails. More seriously, employers can run checks on prospective employees to glean details about their health, political allegiances and whether they have a criminal record.

Similarly

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, insurance companies, not wanting to pay out expensive medical claims, may access the health records of

individuals

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who apply for life insurance policies before deciding whether or not to insure them. How can

such

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abuses be prevented? Regarding the exchange of customer

information

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between companies, the only effective solution is to make unsolicited promotional posts and emails illegal.

Consequently

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,

organisations

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would have no incentive to trade in people's personal details. In order to protect people looking for work, only the

information

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provided by applicants themselves on the application form or during the interview should be legitimate grounds for rejection, and test takers who are rejected should have the right to ask for the reasons why.

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, as a general measure to prevent misuse by insurance companies, it is essential that

organisations

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which gather

data

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should inform

individuals

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of the

information

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that is

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collected.

Individuals

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must be able to access the

data

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themselves so that they can find out exactly what kind of

information

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it is and check for inaccuracies. They must be allowed to choose how and to what extent the

information

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is, or will be, used and they must be confident that the

data

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will be held securely. In conclusion, It is not likely that the above measures will result in guaranteed individual privacy.

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, I am convinced that they will go some way to help limit the misuse of personal

information

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while at the same time giving

individuals

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more control over the

information

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that is

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held on them.