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Writing Samples
Band 6.5

Freshwater has always been a limited resource in some parts of the world. Today, however, growing worldwide demand has made this a global problem. What are the causes of this increased demand, and what measures could governments and individuals take to respond to this problem?

Freshwater scarcity was once confined largely to arid and semi-arid regions;
however
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, escalating global
demand
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 has transformed it into a worldwide crisis.
This
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 growing pressure on freshwater resources stems mainly from population growth, intensive agriculture, and inefficient
water
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use
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. To address
this
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 challenge effectively, coordinated action from both governments and individuals is essential. A primary cause of the rising
demand
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 for freshwater is rapid population growth combined with urbanisation. As cities expand,
water
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consumption
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 increases not only for domestic
use
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 but
also
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 for sanitation systems, construction, and public services.
This
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 is
further
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 intensified by agricultural expansion, which accounts for the majority of global freshwater
use
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. In many countries, farmers continue to rely on outdated
irrigation
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 methods
such
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 as flood
irrigation
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, leading to excessive
water
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 loss through evaporation and runoff.
Consequently
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, rivers, reservoirs, and underground aquifers are depleted at an unsustainable rate. Another significant contributor is economic development and rising living standards. Industrial processes require large volumes of
water
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 for manufacturing, cooling, and energy production,
while
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 higher household incomes often lead to
water
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-intensive lifestyles.
For example
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, the widespread
use
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 of private swimming pools, frequent car washing, and poorly regulated lawn
irrigation
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 in urban areas places additional strain on already limited
water
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 supplies. Without effective regulation,
such
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consumption
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 patterns accelerate
water
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 scarcity even in regions previously considered
water
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-secure. To respond to
this
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 growing problem, governments must implement long-term
water
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 management strategies. These include investing in efficient
irrigation
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 technologies, upgrading ageing
water
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 infrastructure to reduce leakage, and expanding wastewater recycling and desalination projects where environmentally feasible.
In addition
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, introducing tiered
water
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 pricing and strict regulations on industrial
water
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use
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 can discourage excessive
consumption
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while
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 promoting conservation. Public education campaigns can
further
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 support these measures by raising awareness of
water
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 scarcity and encouraging responsible behaviour. Individuals
also
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 have an important role to play in reducing freshwater
demand
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. Simple actions
such
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 as installing
water
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-efficient appliances, fixing household leaks, collecting rainwater, and reducing unnecessary
water
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use
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 can collectively have a significant impact.
Moreover
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, consumers can support sustainable
water
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use
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 by choosing locally produced foods and reducing their
consumption
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 of
water
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-intensive products, thereby lowering indirect
water
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demand
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. In conclusion, the global increase in freshwater
demand
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 is driven by population growth, agricultural intensification, and rising living standards.
Although
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this
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 poses a serious threat to
water
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 security, a combination of effective government policies and conscious individual action can significantly mitigate the problem and ensure the sustainable
use
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 of freshwater resources for future generations.

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tip
Your answer meets the task well. Stay clear in the plan and keep your view in the first part. Add one clear fact or number to show the scale of the need.
tip
Link ideas with simple words. Use order like cause, effect, fix, then end. Use a few words to refer back to an earlier idea.
tip
Try to give one or two real examples in each part to make your point strong.
tip
Watch long sentences. Break big ideas into two sentences so it is easy to read.
strength
Clear plan of causes and fixes.
strength
Good start with a clear view and a full end.
strength
Solid use of links to join ideas.
Support ideas with relevant, specific examples

Examples make your writing easier to understand by illustrating points more effectively.

Examples, if used properly, not only help you get higher marks for ‘Task Response’ but also for ‘Coherence’.

When giving examples it is best to put them after your main idea or topic sentence. They can be used in the middle of supporting sentences or they can be used to start a new sentence. There is no rule for where exactly to give examples in essays, logically they would come after your main idea/topic sentence or just after a supporting sentence.

Linking words for giving examples:

  • for example
  • for instance
  • to illustrate this
  • to give a clear example
  • such as
  • namely
  • to illustrate
  • take, for example

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