More and more people are migrating to cities in search of a better life, but city life can be extremely difficult. Explain some of the difficulties of living in a city. How can governments make urban life better for everyone?

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Cities are often seen as places of opportunity, but there are
also
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some major drawbacks of living in a large metropolis. In my opinion, governments could do much more to improve the living standard for the average inhabitant. The main problem for anyone who hopes to migrate to a metropolis is that the cost of living is likely to be much higher than it is in a small town or village. Citizens have to pay higher prices for housing, transport, and even food. Another issue is that urban areas tend to suffer from social problems
such
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as high crime and poverty rates in comparison with rural areas.
Furthermore
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, the air quality in cities is often poor, due to pollution from traffic, and the streets and public transport systems are usually overcrowded.
As a result
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, dwellers' life can be unhealthy and stressful.
However
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, there are various steps that governments could take to tackle these problems.
Firstly
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, they could invest money in the building of affordable or social housing to reduce the cost of living.
Secondly
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, politicians have the power to ban vehicles from city centres and promote the use of cleaner public transport, which would help to reduce both air pollution and traffic congestion. In London,
for example
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, the introduction of a congestion charge for drivers has helped to curb the traffic problem. A
third
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option would be to develop provincial towns and rural areas, by moving industry and jobs to those regions, in order to reduce the pressure on major cities. In conclusion, governments could certainly implement a range of measures to enhance the quality of life for all citizens.
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Include an introduction and conclusion

A conclusion is essential for IELTS writing task 2. It is more important than most people realise. You will be penalised for missing a conclusion in your IELTS essay.

The easiest paragraph to write in an essay is the conclusion paragraph. This is because the paragraph mostly contains information that has already been presented in the essay – it is just the repetition of some information written in the introduction paragraph and supporting paragraphs.

The conclusion paragraph only has 3 sentences:

  • Summary
  • Restatement of thesis
  • Prediction or recommendation

Example:

To summarize, a robotic teacher does not have the necessary disciple to properly give instructions to students and actually works to retard the ability of a student to comprehend new lessons. Therefore, it is clear that the idea of running a classroom completely by a machine cannot be supported. After thorough analysis on this subject, it is predicted that the adverse effects of the debate over technology-driven teaching will always be greater than the positive effects, and because of this, classroom teachers will never be substituted for technology.

Start your conclusion with a linking phrase. Here are some examples:

  • In conclusion
  • To conclude
  • To summarize
  • Finally
  • In a nutshell
  • In general

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Topic Vocabulary:
  • Urbanization
  • Metropolis
  • Rapid urban growth
  • Megacity
  • Urban sprawl
  • Housing affordability
  • Infrastructure development
  • Public transportation
  • Traffic congestion
  • Pollution
  • Noise pollution
  • Green spaces
  • Job market
  • Social cohesion
  • Community engagement
  • Safety measures
  • Crime prevention
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