An increasing number of professionals, such as doctors and teachers, are leaving their own poorer countries to work in developed countries. What are the reasons behind this trend? What solutions can you suggest to deal with this situation? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant example from your own knowledge.

One of the factors that most influences the advancement and progress of people and society is education. Today, with the advent of technology, skilled and professional manpower is becoming a treasure that countries strive to acquire and preserve. Many developing countries try to generate higher education because they need to keep a constant development but fail to absorb it.

This

has resulted in professionals leaving the

country

for better career opportunities abroad.

This

issues what became known of brain drain. Many countries have been affected by

this

(China, Philippines, Taiwan, Sri Lanka, Papua New Guinea, Indonesia,

India

, Gambia, El Salvador, Jamaica, Mexico, Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana, Ecuador, etc.), but the list is so long, we will focus on

India

. In

India

, brain drain has undergone several stages and has affected different groups in

Indian

society. Around the 1960s, >>the educational infrastructure in

India

started growing rapidly and a group of young scientists and engineers started coming out of its elite educational institutions << and they discovered professional and job opportunities available in the

country

were not competitive and economic attractive.

This

situation was growing in the decade of 1970s. The government insisted in many ways to stop

this

situation. One well-known economist even proposed that all

Indian

immigrants should be taxed.

This

is intended to compensate the

country

for the money invested in their education.

However

,

this

did not come to result

due to

various political and administrative problems that arose at the time.

India

was losing its power brain. In 2001, there were 1.7 million

Indian

origin residents in USA: “as many as 12% scientists and 38% doctors in the US were Indians, and in NASA, 36% or almost 4 out of 10 scientists were Indians”. But

this

effect began to reverse in 2011,

according to

the World Labor Organization, “Lured by the boom of a strong

Indian

economy and chased away by the wailing of the global recession, an increasing number of Indians are returning home with international experience and degrees”. Dharmakirti Joshi, Chief Economist at CRISIL Ltd, explains the situation: "

India

's growth rate in recent years has increased significantly. Between 2004 and 2011, the average annual GDP growth amounted to 8.5%.

Moreover

, the global financial crisis has not dented the

country

's growth potential, which quickly resumed the upward path at around 8% within a year." With

this

, the picture of

India

changes. Now, for

Indian

the government, it is a much more interesting job to attract the return of professionals who once left and keep those who are currently on

this

path. There are many proposals for projects that could be a definitive solution to the phenomenon: Rural Development, Tackling under-employment, Proper payment policy, Taxation, Placements in the

country

, and work culture.