Some people say it is important to keep your home and workplace tidy, with everything else organised and in the correct place. What is your opinion about this?

Firstly

, public

transportation

is the best solution because it is reliable. Many people set up carpools to reduce traffic, but

this

is only a temporary solution. Every time someone has a change in their schedule, the carpool needs to be adjusted.

For example

, if someone has to go to the doctor or sleeps in, the carpool will not work that day. If someone changes jobs or transfers to a new school, the carpool will need to be adjusted again. Using public

transport

instead

of cars, the air pollution problem can be mitigated quite effectively.

On the other hand

, One major downside of public

transport

systems is that the quality of those

transportation

systems is quite bad in many regions all over the world. Especially in the US, apart from a few big cities, the quality of the public

transport

system is often quite poor and it may take several hours to get to a destination which would have been reached in just 20 minutes by car.

Thus

, there are many advantages than disadvantages in using public

transport

so citizens should use public

transport

to reduce pollution and save the earth.

Secondly

, increasing

road

pricing is another effective solution to solve the problem. It reveals the true economic

costs

of

road

use so that intermodal competition would become fairer. Because

road

prices would be primarily connected with congestion

costs

, some distributional and locational effects could arise.

Costs

of driving in non-urban areas would probably fall whereas urban driving

costs

would increase so that in the medium run, the quality of the public urban

transport

system would improve.

However

, In terms of negative environmental externalities,

road

pricing is (except noise) probably not the optimal instrument for internalization. Taxes on fuel or emission fees,

for instance

, charge vehicle emissions more directly and they are very simple to design.

Furthermore

, it must be mentioned that the effect of

road

pricing depends to a large extent on the authority that receives the revenues and its way of using the money. Economists would argue that the profits made should be reinvested into the

transportation

system to generate an efficient outcome rather than cross-subsidizing other traffic modes or other state activities. In the conclusion,

road

pricing is the best instrument to internalize the

costs

of congestion and

road

damage.

Although

the initial

costs

of installation are high, these

costs

would probably quickly be exceeded by the efficiency gains of corrected prices.

Nevertheless

,

road

pricing cannot perfectly internalize external environmental

costs

.

That is

why instruments like "fuel taxation" or "emission fees" will still be necessary to design an optimal price mechanism in the

transportation

sector that sets the correct incentives.