The bar charts illustrate the average years of schooling, scientists and technicians per 1000 people and also the participation levels in research and development in developing and industrialised countries during 1980 and 1990.

The bar charts illustrate the average years of schooling, scientists and technicians per 1000 people and also the participation levels in research and development in developing and industrialised countries during 1980 and 1990.
The bar charts illustrate the educational level, the proportion of scientists and technicians and the financial investment in
research
and
development
in developing and industrialized
countries
in 1980 and 1990.
Overall
, the latter excels in all the 3 areas and the graphs show developments by various degrees except for a slight decline in the spending on
research
and
development
in developing
countries
.
According to
the graph, there are significant differences in the number of scientists and technicians and the expenditure for
research
and
development
between the developing and developed nations.
For example
, the graph for the latter rises dramatically from 40 to 70 in the number of specialists and from 150 to 350 in the financial distribution that the governments made to promote
research
and improvement.
As a result
, the Industrialized
countries
made equal
development
in the 3 fields.
In contrast
, the level of progress in the developing nations remained much lower than that in the developed ones.
Although
there is a small increase in the years of schooling and the number of skilful workers from 2 to 3 and from 10 to 18 respectively, the expenditure for the future is reduced by half in developing
countries
.
This
made the gaps wider than in 1980.
Submitted by mizuho_kondo117 on

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Vocabulary: Replace the words research, development, countries with synonyms.
Vocabulary: Rephrase the word "illustrate" in your introduction.
Vocabulary: The word "graphs" was used 3 times.
Vocabulary: The word "number of" was used 3 times.

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Topic Vocabulary:
  • bar charts
  • average
  • schooling
  • scientists
  • technicians
  • participation
  • research and development
  • developing countries
  • industrialized countries
  • 1980
  • 1990
  • comparison
  • trends
  • differences
  • education
  • research levels
  • potential reasons
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