Around the world, rural people are moving to cities and urban areas, so populations in the countryside are decreasing. Is this a positive or negative development?

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In modern society, more and more
people
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migrate from counties to
cities
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for some reason,
such
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as higher wages, higher welfare treatment, and better living conditions. Some
people
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argue that
this
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trend affects rural society, but in my opinion, it is a positive development for the whole country.
First,
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urbanization
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brings economic growth.
Urbanization
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translated into countries switching sectoral composition away from
agriculture
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into industry and technological advances in domestic
agriculture
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releasing labor from
agriculture
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to migrate to
cities
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.
In other words
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, the transfer of labour from less efficient agricultural sectors to more efficient non-agricultural sectors enhances the production efficiency of the whole society.
For instance
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, London was one of the first
cities
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to experience
urbanization
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. Between 1700 and 1800, London grew from 600 thousand to 1.1 million residents.
This
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was
due to
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industrialization and the growth of urban factories that had a strong need for labour.
People
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started moving to London in search of work in the factories.
Although
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there was air pollution with
urbanization
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, Britain transformed from a backward agricultural country to the world's most advanced capitalist industrial powerhouse, known as the "factory of the world" Meanwhile, the increase in urban population brings a large amount of consumption, which largely drives the market demand.
Second,
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rural populations, whose livelihoods mostly depend on
agriculture
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, are particularly vulnerable to natural disasters. They have high natural resource dependency and limited ability to cope with and manage risk.
This
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means once a disaster has recurred, they cannot overcome it easily.
For instance
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, Beijing and its environs experienced heavy rain in 2020, and many houses and vast
areas
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of farmland in rural
areas
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have been destroyed by a rush of water, but there was almost no news of buildings being destroyed in urban
areas
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, which means that urban
areas
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have stronger capability to withstand natural calamities.
Third,
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cities
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provide more job opportunities and better infrastructure
such
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as education and healthcare, which will help improve the living standards, education levels, and
overall
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health status of immigrants. Those things cannot be provided by rural
areas
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. From the whole perspective,
this
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trend will not only give more
people
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a better life but
also
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make social development faster.
Although
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there were some problems with rapid
urbanization
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, the advantages it brings more than compensated for those problems.
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Include an introduction and conclusion

A conclusion is essential for IELTS writing task 2. It is more important than most people realise. You will be penalised for missing a conclusion in your IELTS essay.

The easiest paragraph to write in an essay is the conclusion paragraph. This is because the paragraph mostly contains information that has already been presented in the essay – it is just the repetition of some information written in the introduction paragraph and supporting paragraphs.

The conclusion paragraph only has 3 sentences:

  • Summary
  • Restatement of thesis
  • Prediction or recommendation

Example:

To summarize, a robotic teacher does not have the necessary disciple to properly give instructions to students and actually works to retard the ability of a student to comprehend new lessons. Therefore, it is clear that the idea of running a classroom completely by a machine cannot be supported. After thorough analysis on this subject, it is predicted that the adverse effects of the debate over technology-driven teaching will always be greater than the positive effects, and because of this, classroom teachers will never be substituted for technology.

Start your conclusion with a linking phrase. Here are some examples:

  • In conclusion
  • To conclude
  • To summarize
  • Finally
  • In a nutshell
  • In general

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Topic Vocabulary:
  • Urbanization
  • Amenities
  • Economic prospects
  • Overcrowding
  • Traffic congestion
  • Pollution
  • Agricultural abandonment
  • Cultural diversity
  • Innovation
  • Cultural heritage
  • Family ties
  • Infrastructure
  • Public services
  • Sustainable urban planning
  • Rural revitalization
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