TThe diagram shows the skeletal systems of two ancestors of modern human beings. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

The illustration depicts the skeletal structures of humans preceding the time of evolution.

Overall

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, there are two figures, one is

Australopithecus

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afarensis

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and Homo erectus.

In addition

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, it is noticeable that the first ancestor seems to be larger and slumpier in size, whilst the other appears to have a leaner form. Regarding the

Australopithecus

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afarensis

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, their skulls are not balanced, with a lopsided top part of the head and an asymmetry face structure. Since they were native tree climber, their upper bodies were characterized by a muscular and sturdy form, making them look more athletic and strong. The most significant and distinguishable feature they have are their hands and arms. Their hands are enormous and the length of their forearms is much longer than other huminins.

However

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, the

Australopithecus

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afarensis

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has much narrower hips, knees, ankle joints, heelbones, and short tendons in comparison to the Homo erectus. These characteristics specialized them to climb better and discriminated them from other pre-modern humans. Shifting to the Homo erectus, they have a better-shaped head and a short snout. They have lower and wider shoulders, which makes them appear to be more fit and balanced.

However

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as they are known to be endurance runners, they

also

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have traits that discriminate them from other ancestors.

Such

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that their gluteus maximus is much wider and their hip, knee, joints, and tendons are massive. Contrary to the

Australopithecus

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afarensis

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, their feet waned and the arch became more stabilized. These factors enabled them to be better runners than many other beings.