Overpopulation of urban areas has led to numerous problems. Identify one or two serious ones and suggest ways that governments and individuals can tackle these problems.

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Strangled Cities: Untangling
Infrastructure
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Strain and
Unemployment
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in Booming Metropolises The alluring symphony of opportunity draws countless
individuals
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to urban centers, creating an undeniable reality: exploding population.
While
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metropolises thrum with vibrant energy,
this
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influx exposes their underbelly – a complex tapestry of interwoven issues. Amongst these, two threads grip particularly tight: strained
infrastructure
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and rampant
unemployment
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, demanding multifaceted solutions from both
governments
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and
individuals
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. The first challenge, strained
infrastructure
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, manifests in myriad ways. Public transport groans under the weight of a surging commuter tide, leading to tedious delays, suffocating commutes, and even safety concerns. Housing becomes inadequate, forcing people into cramped, unsanitary living conditions that resemble sardine cans rather than homes. Access to basic necessities like water and sanitation suffers as systems struggle to keep pace with exponential demand, leading to frustration, hardship, and a growing sense of despair.
For example
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, in Mumbai, India, overcrowded trains often exceed capacity by up to 200%, resulting in injuries and even stampedes.
Similarly
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, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, favelas mushroom around the fringes of the city, lacking proper sanitation facilities and breeding health hazards.
Governments
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must act swiftly and decisively to alleviate
this
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pressure. Investing in efficient, modern public transport networks, including subways, buses, and robust cycling
infrastructure
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, is crucial. Incentivizing green spaces and mixed-use development can not only ease the burden on housing and amenities, but
also
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foster a more sustainable and livable urban environment.
Furthermore
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, promoting resource management and water conservation through technological advancements and public awareness campaigns can ensure equitable access for all.
Individuals
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also
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have a crucial role to play. Choosing public transport or cycling over car commutes when possible, adopting smaller living spaces, and practicing responsible resource consumption can collectively make a significant difference. Supporting local businesses and initiatives that promote sustainable living can
further
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contribute to a healthier urban ecosystem. After all, collective action,
however
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seemingly small, can have a domino effect, creating positive change on a larger scale. The second major concern, rampant
unemployment
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, arises from the sheer volume of job seekers exceeding available opportunities.
This
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not only exacerbates poverty and social unrest, but
also
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strains welfare systems, creating a perfect storm of social and economic challenges. Consider the recent tech boom in Southeast Asia.
While
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attracting ambitious youth, these hubs struggle to generate enough jobs for everyone, leading to high youth
unemployment
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and potential social instability.
Governments
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must prioritize job creation by fostering innovation and attracting tech businesses and startups. Investing in vocational training and targeted skills development programs can empower
individuals
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, not just to compete in the evolving job market, but
also
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to shape it through their ingenuity and entrepreneurial spirit.
Additionally
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, incentivizing small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) can foster entrepreneurship and diversify the economy, providing a much-needed buffer against economic fluctuations.
Individuals
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can actively participate by upskilling themselves in in-demand areas, exploring freelancing opportunities, and venturing into entrepreneurial endeavors. Networking within their communities and actively seeking support from training programs can open doors to new possibilities.
While
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the climb may seem daunting, embracing lifelong learning and taking calculated risks can be the first step towards a brighter future. In conclusion, unchecked urban growth presents challenges, but despair is not the answer. By tackling
infrastructure
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strain and
unemployment
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through a collaborative effort,
governments
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and
individuals
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can transform the throes of urban growth into a thriving space of opportunity and well-being for all. The time for action is now, and every contribution,
however
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small, matters.

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coherence cohesion
To enhance coherence and cohesion, consider logically organizing your essay with clear paragraphs. Each paragraph should contain a central, unambiguous idea and be followed by specific examples or explanations.
coherence cohesion
Avoid redundancy or overly complex sentence structures that may obscure your main points. Instead, strive for clarity and directness in your language.
task achievement
For task achievement, ensure you fully address the prompt and respond to each part of the question. Though you have provided solutions, a more explicit link between the problems and the proposed solutions would improve clarity of response.
task achievement
Incorporate varied and precise vocabulary to articulate your ideas clearly and exact examples to support your arguments. Be cautious not to overgeneralize; instead, tie general ideas to specific, relevant examples.
coherence cohesion
Work on developing a clear line of argument throughout the essay. Each paragraph should logically connect to the others, and there should be a clear progression of ideas from the problem to the proposed solution.

Fully explain your ideas

To get an excellent score in the IELTS Task 2 writing section, one of the easiest and most effective tips is structuring your writing in the most solid format. A great argument essay structure may be divided to four paragraphs, in which comprises of four sentences (excluding the conclusion paragraph, which comprises of three sentences).

For we to consider an essay structure a great one, it should be looking like this:

  • Paragraph 1 - Introduction
    • Sentence 1 - Background statement
    • Sentence 2 - Detailed background statement
    • Sentence 3 - Thesis
    • Sentence 4 - Outline sentence
  • Paragraph 2 - First supporting paragraph
    • Sentence 1 - Topic sentence
    • Sentence 2 - Example
    • Sentence 3 - Discussion
    • Sentence 4 - Conclusion
  • Paragraph 3 - Second supporting paragraph
    • Sentence 1 - Topic sentence
    • Sentence 2 - Example
    • Sentence 3 - Discussion
    • Sentence 4 - Conclusion
  • Paragraph 4 - Conclusion
    • Sentence 1 - Summary
    • Sentence 2 - Restatement of thesis
    • Sentence 3 - Prediction or recommendation

Our recommended essay structure above comprises of fifteen (15) sentences, which will make your essay approximately 250 to 275 words.

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Topic Vocabulary:
  • strain on infrastructure
  • public services
  • overcrowded
  • inadequate healthcare services
  • pressure on educational institutions
  • environmental impact
  • increased pollution
  • waste management
  • destruction of green spaces
  • natural habitats
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