in many countries, people are now living longer than ever before. Some people say an ageing population creates problems for government. Other people think there are benefits if society has more elderly people. To what extent do the advantages of having an ageing outweigh the disadvantages?

There is growing concern that the increasing number of elderly individuals is placing excessive pressure on both governments and working-age citizens.
While
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older adults do offer meaningful contributions to society, I believe the drawbacks of an ageing population far outweigh the benefits, especially in economic and social terms.
To begin
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with, the expanding elderly demographic imposes a substantial strain on public finances. Many retirees require long-term healthcare, assisted living, and pension support.
For example
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, in Germany, more than a quarter of the national budget is dedicated to elderly care.
This
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shift in funding limits resources for education, infrastructure, and youth employment initiatives.
Consequently
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, the economy risks long-term stagnation
due to
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underinvestment in future generations.
Furthermore
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, falling birth rates and increased life expectancy contribute to a shrinking workforce. With fewer active taxpayers, funding welfare systems becomes increasingly difficult.
Although
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governments have implemented strategies
such
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as delaying retirement or promoting part-time work among seniors, these measures often face public resistance and limited success.
Therefore
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, without comprehensive reforms —
such
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as revising pension structures or encouraging skilled immigration — the current system may prove unsustainable. Admittedly, older individuals provide intangible benefits like wisdom, cultural continuity, and caregiving support.
Nevertheless
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, these roles, though valuable, cannot fully counterbalance the growing financial and logistical demands. In conclusion,
although
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the elderly play a meaningful role in society, the broader demographic and economic impacts of an ageing population are more critical.
Thus
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, governments must act decisively to reform welfare systems and ensure long-term societal stability.

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Ensure all points are fully explained for clarity.
content
The introduction clearly states the writer's opinion and outlines the main argument.
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The conclusion effectively summarizes the main idea and restates the writer's belief.

Answer the 'Problem and Solution' topic

Problem-and-solution essays fall naturally into two parts, the first describing and exploring the problem, the second setting out the solution or solutions.

You essay structure should look something like this:

  • Introduction
  • Body paragraph 1 – Problems
  • Body paragraph 2 – Solutions
  • Conclusion

Examples to start your body paragraph:

  • One of the first problems of the...
  • Another problem that needs to be considered...
  • A possible solution to this problem would be...
  • One immediate practical solution is to...
Topic Vocabulary:
  • Ageing population
  • Pension systems
  • Healthcare demand
  • Workforce demographics
  • Life expectancy
  • Economic productivity
  • Intergenerational relationships
  • Cultural heritage
  • Social services
  • Government spending
  • Skills gap
  • Public services
  • Cultural enrichment
  • Seniority advantage
  • Elder care
  • Demographic shift
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