The diagram below shows the manufacturing process for making sugar from sugar cane. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

The diagram illustrates the process of producing

sugar

Use synonyms

from

sugar

Use synonyms

cane, beginning with crop cultivation and ending with the final crystallised product.

Overall

Linking Words

, the production involves seven stages, starting from growing and harvesting the cane and continuing through several mechanical and chemical treatments before the

sugar

Use synonyms

is ready for consumption. In the first stage,

sugar

Use synonyms

canes are cultivated for a period of 12 to 18 months until they are mature enough to be harvested. Harvesting can be carried out either manually, by cutting the stalks with tools, or mechanically, using specialised farming equipment. Once collected, the canes are crushed in a machine to extract the juice. The raw juice

then

Linking Words

undergoes purification through a limestone filter, which removes impurities.

Following

Linking Words

this

Linking Words

, the clean liquid is transferred to an evaporator, where it is heated until it thickens and turns into syrup. The syrup is

subsequently

Linking Words

placed in a centrifuge, which spins at high speed to separate

sugar

Use synonyms

crystals from the remaining liquid. In the final stage, the crystals are dried and cooled, resulting in the production of refined

sugar

Use synonyms

.