More and more people are migrating to cities in search of a better life, but city life can be extremely difficult. Explain some of the difficulties of living in a city. How can governments make urban life better for everyone?

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There is a growing trend that people turn to live in cities to seek more opportunities, higher salary, etc.
However
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, it is clear that difficulties accompany these cause trouble to the new city immigrants. So, governments should do much to improve urban life level. In terms of problems, the biggest change is the long commute time due to traffic congestion during rush hours.
For instance
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, people who live in Beijing have to spend around one hour and half on commuting in every morning and evening, whatever they choose to take the subway, by buses or drive their private vehicles. The
next
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disadvantage for urban people is obviously a poor air condition. A substantial of exhaust air like CO2, NO2 is discharged from a variety of vehicles and factories. The
last
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difficulty city residents faced is significantly higher housing prices that they cannot afford. Regarding improving urban life, the governments can invest more transportation facilities, increase the fuel surcharges and construct considerable public rental housing.
Firstly
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, public transportation can effectively reduce the using of private cars and
thus
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reduce traffic congestion.
In addition
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, some kinds of transportation
such
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as subway can rapidly decrease the commute time.
Secondly
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, higher fuel surcharges result to the dropping of private vehicle usage that lead to a lower exhaust air level.
Finally
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, governments should build more public rental housing for those who have not enough ability to pay for their housing rental.
For instance
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, New Zealand has a state house system for these poor. In concluding, there are several drawbacks of urban life, but the governments should be responsible for decreasing or even eliminating these disadvantages.
Submitted by Chao Liang on

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Include an introduction and conclusion

A conclusion is essential for IELTS writing task 2. It is more important than most people realise. You will be penalised for missing a conclusion in your IELTS essay.

The easiest paragraph to write in an essay is the conclusion paragraph. This is because the paragraph mostly contains information that has already been presented in the essay – it is just the repetition of some information written in the introduction paragraph and supporting paragraphs.

The conclusion paragraph only has 3 sentences:

  • Summary
  • Restatement of thesis
  • Prediction or recommendation

Example:

To summarize, a robotic teacher does not have the necessary disciple to properly give instructions to students and actually works to retard the ability of a student to comprehend new lessons. Therefore, it is clear that the idea of running a classroom completely by a machine cannot be supported. After thorough analysis on this subject, it is predicted that the adverse effects of the debate over technology-driven teaching will always be greater than the positive effects, and because of this, classroom teachers will never be substituted for technology.

Start your conclusion with a linking phrase. Here are some examples:

  • In conclusion
  • To conclude
  • To summarize
  • Finally
  • In a nutshell
  • In general

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Topic Vocabulary:
  • Urbanization
  • Metropolis
  • Rapid urban growth
  • Megacity
  • Urban sprawl
  • Housing affordability
  • Infrastructure development
  • Public transportation
  • Traffic congestion
  • Pollution
  • Noise pollution
  • Green spaces
  • Job market
  • Social cohesion
  • Community engagement
  • Safety measures
  • Crime prevention
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