In the developed world, average life expectancy is increasing. What problems will this cause for individuals and society? Suggest some measures that could be taken to reduce the impact of ageing populations.

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Nowadays, many
countries
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are experiencing substantial increases in
life
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expectancy
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. Many
people
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think that the trend is a positive development, but it has caused many onerous problems for many
countries
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.
This
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essay will discuss the effect of the ageing
population
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, and some of the ways that could be considered in addressing the problem. There are several drawbacks that increasing the average
life
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expectancy
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of older
people
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could bring to individuals and society.
Firstly
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, the growing
population
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of elderly
people
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puts a financial burden on governments. If
life
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expectancy
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increases, the
government
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will have to pay more expenses
such
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as social welfare and pension while fewer
people
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will be working and paying income taxes.
In addition
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, older
people
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are more vulnerable to chronic diseases,
such
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as heart attacks or diabetes, that require special and expensive medical treatments to be effectively treated.
Therefore
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, the
government
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might have to devote a larger budget to healthcare in order to serve the growing demands of an ageing
population
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.
As a result
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, it reduces the national budget and weakens the economic growth of the country.
Secondly
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, ageing has a direct impact on the labour market. If there are a higher proportion of old
people
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, the
government
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will have to decide to extend the
retirement
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age
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. As a greater number of senior citizens stay in the workforce, the competition for jobs will
increase
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. If the world of work fails to create new jobs, the end results can be fewer occupations available to younger
people
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and the rate of unemployment in the world will
increase
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day by day.
On the contrary
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, if the
retirement
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age
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is not extended, the economy will suffer from a labour crisis. The ageing
population
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leads to a shrinking workforce because there are fewer
people
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of legal working
age
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. There are some measures that governments could consider to resolve the issue of increasing
life
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expectancy
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. One of the ways is that governments could extend the
retirement
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age
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standard. Many
countries
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have a standard pension
age
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of 55, but they can extend it to 60 or even
further
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over because most
people
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at
this
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age
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are still in fine physical condition good health and have normal working capacity. From there, it would reduce the
government
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's social welfare budget for retirees and address the workforce shortage.
This
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has been applied and proven its effectiveness in many
countries
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that are developed and have a high
life
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expectancy
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.
For example
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, in some developed
countries
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like Japan or France, the
government
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has raised the
retirement
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age
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to over 60 years old and even
further
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is expected to continue to
increase
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in the future. Another measure is to encourage childbearing and the immigration of young working adults.
This
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will help the country reduce the ageing rate of the
population
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and create a source of young labour for the country.
In addition
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,
this
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could help
increase
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tax revenues for the
government
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.
This
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measure, as one can see, is are increasingly being popular in
countries
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such
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as Canada. In conclusion, the rising
life
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expectancy
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brings its own issues to the individual as well as to the society.
However
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, effective measures can be taken to mitigate these issues in the long run.
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Word Count

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Aim for between 260 to 290 words in writing task 2. This will ensure a concise essay and will be realistic in terms of time management. You have only 40 minutes to write the essay and you need around 10 minutes of planning time, so you will not be able to write a long essay in 30 minutes.

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Topic Vocabulary:
  • average life expectancy
  • developed world
  • increase
  • individuals
  • society
  • personal goals
  • ambitions
  • quality of life
  • leisure
  • recreation
  • healthcare costs
  • challenges
  • healthcare system
  • ageing population
  • shortage
  • available workers
  • economy
  • retirement planning
  • healthy lifestyles
  • investing
  • social support systems
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