Transport delays and long journey times are a widespread phenomenon in many cities today. What are the causes of this problem and how could the situation be improved?

Transport

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is an essential part of urban life, and lengthy journeys are frustrating and expensive for those concerned. There appear to be two main causes of

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, and several possible solutions, as we will explain here. Perhaps the main cause is the lack of investment or funding for infrastructure in the form of high-capacity public

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and increased road space for private vehicles.

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means that too many vehicles use the existing network, and congestion is inevitable. We see

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in most large cities globally,

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as London or Tokyo. Many conurbations

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lack finance for

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hubs,

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as integrated road and rail facilities which could connect public and private

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,

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reducing bottlenecks. A

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cause seems to be the problem of overcrowding in cities, whereby people migrate from the hinterland and settle in urban areas, putting strain on amenities, housing and above all on

transport

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capacity.

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means that an already stretched system is often pushed to a critical point, causing cancellations and breakdowns in the technology used, especially in situations of urban sprawl

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as in Latin America. Regarding potential solutions, probably the main remedy would be to encourage investment in better infrastructure,

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through subsidies or public-private partnerships as was tried successfully in Germany during the 1990s.

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enhances the network and fosters a sense of civic pride, to everyone’s benefit. Another solution may be to use tax incentives to allow more home working so that there is less need to commute from the suburbs to the inner city for work. A final response might be the development of more flexible patterns of

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,

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as communal car-pooling, which would reduce reliance on existing systems and vehicles. In conclusion, it seems that outdated infrastructure and overcrowding are the key factors behind our

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frustrations. Possible solutions would involve better funding, and

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innovations in ways of working and travelling to reduce the burden on the system.