Role of Epigenetics in Human Diseases: Bioactive Food Peptides for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases through Modulation of the Epigenome

It is clear that a wide spectrum of human

diseases

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is a function of

epigenome

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modulation. Environmental factors and lifestyle particularly nutrition can modify the regulation of the

epigenome

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.

Bioactive

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peptides

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(BAPs)

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are driving

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driving

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drive

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from

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by

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different

sources

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such

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as

food

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sources

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, animal

sources

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, vegetal

sources

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, and exogenous

sources

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. They affect

epigenome

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regulation through undergoing changes

of

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in

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DNA methylation, histone acetylation, non-coding RNAs, and miRNAs.

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Bioactive derived

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Bioactive-derived

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food

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peptides

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with epigenetic

effects

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can be a contributing factor in different medical conditions

such

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as cancer, cardiovascular

diseases

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(

CVDs

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), neurological and

neurodegenerative

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disorders

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, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). In the present chapter, we have covered the function epigenetics process, different types of epigenetic

diseases

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,

providing

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provided

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various information

of

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on

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BAPs, collected the variety of

bioactive

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derived

food

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peptides

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with

epigenome

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effects

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,

prevention

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and

treatment

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of chronic

diseases

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including cancer,

CVDs

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, neurological and

neurodegenerative

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disorders

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diseases

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, and T2DM by

bioactive

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food

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peptides

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with epigenetic

effects

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, the

last

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but not the least is epigenetic therapy by

bioactive

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food

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peptides

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. The study set out to clarify the role of

bioactive

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food

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peptides

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for

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in

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the

prevention

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and

treatment

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of chronic

diseases

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through modulation of the

Epigenome

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.

Bioactive

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food

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peptides

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with epigenetic

effects

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for instance

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Lunasin, BCM7(Beta-casomorphin-7), and GM7 (Gliadinomorphin-7) are defined as

epigenome

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modifiers

to

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for

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treatment

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the treatment

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of chronic

diseases

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.

Finally

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, in

this

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chapter, the results fueled our view that Lunasin is considered an anticancer peptide and as a clinical trial for

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treatment

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the treatment

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of neurological and

neurodegenerative

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disorders

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.

Accordingly

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, in the near future, Lunasin will lay the groundwork for therapeutics and

prevention

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of chronic

diseases

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especially

neurodegenerative

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disorders

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,

CVDs

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, and cancer with fewer side

effects

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.

Although

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,

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apply

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BCM7 have positive

effects

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on

neurodegenerative

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disorders

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, there is not enough a large scale of groundbreaking projects

whether

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on whether

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it can impact on

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treatment

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the treatment

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of

CVDs

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or not, depside contrasting findings. It will be a great challenge to come up with a definitive answer to

this

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question in the future.

Lastly

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, there is not enough evidence on the

effects

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of GM7

to

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on

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treatment

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the treatment

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and

prevention

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of chronic disease.

However

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, only a few epigenetic drugs have currently been approved by the FDA, a new hope dawned on

bioactive

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food

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peptides

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with epigenetic

effects

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would be

as

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apply

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a driving force to

prevention

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and

treatment

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of chronic

diseases

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without any side

effects

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by the different molecular effective means like Nano delivery or Si-RNA, and so on.

Additionally

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, despite a large knowledge gap,

bioactive

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food

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peptides

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with epigenetic

effects

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have a large impact on health so

as that

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apply

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there is a demand for more attention to be paid to the development of peptide therapeutics and follow-up studies. They will make a considerable contribution to ideal therapeutic candidates for chronic

diseases

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through epigenomic modulation soon. To conclude, by

this

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study, now a more nuanced understanding of

bioactive

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food

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peptides

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with epigenetic

effects

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would pave the way for new propelling investigation.