In many large cities, people have to spend hours driving in heavy traffic every day. What are the effects of this on society and the individual? What can be done about it? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

In many urban
centers
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centres
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around the world,
traffic
congestion
has become a pervasive issue that affects both individuals and society as a whole. The daily grind of navigating through gridlocked streets not only leads to significant time loss but
also
contributes to environmental degradation and stress.
This
essay will explore the multifaceted impact of
traffic
congestion
and propose viable solutions to address these challenges. The most evident consequence of heavy
traffic
is its detrimental effect on air quality. The emissions from countless idling vehicles release harmful pollutants into the atmosphere, exacerbating respiratory conditions and contributing to climate change.
For instance
, cities like Delhi and Beijing have experienced severe air quality issues, largely
due to
vehicle emissions.
Moreover
, the constant stress of being stuck in
traffic
can take a toll on mental health, leading to increased anxiety and frustration among commuters. Beyond personal impacts,
traffic
jams
also
hamper economic productivity, as businesses suffer from delayed deliveries and reduced employee efficiency. To mitigate these issues, cities must prioritize the development of efficient and integrated public transportation systems. By providing affordable, convenient, and reliable alternatives to driving, governments can significantly reduce the number of cars on the road.
For example
, London’s extensive underground network and
congestion
charge
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charges
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have successfully curbed car use in the city
center
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centre
show examples
.
Additionally
, promoting carpooling, cycling, and walking through dedicated infrastructure can
further
alleviate
traffic
pressure and improve urban living conditions. In conclusion,
while
traffic
congestion
poses significant challenges to both individual well-being and societal development, targeted measures
such
as enhancing public transport and promoting alternative modes of transport can lead to more sustainable and livable cities.
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coherence cohesion
The essay is coherent and well-organized, with a clear introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion. To improve even further, consider using more varied transitional words and phrases to enhance the flow of your ideas.
task achievement
While the essay effectively covers the impact of traffic congestion on both society and individuals, including additional specific examples or data could strengthen the arguments presented.
task achievement
The essay provides a complete response to the prompt, addressing both the effects of traffic congestion and potential solutions.
task achievement
The ideas presented are clear, comprehensive, and relevant. The essay effectively highlights the consequences of traffic congestion and offers viable solutions.
coherence cohesion
The essay follows a logical structure with a clear introduction, well-developed body paragraphs, and a concise conclusion.
coherence cohesion
The main points are well-supported, and the use of examples such as Delhi, Beijing, and London adds credibility to the arguments.

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Topic Vocabulary:
  • congestion
  • cardiovascular diseases
  • idling vehicles
  • greenhouse gases
  • urban sprawl
  • road rage
  • leisure activities
  • economic consequences
  • productivity
  • public transportation
  • emissions
  • quality of life
  • fuel consumption
  • environmental damage
  • stress and anxiety
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