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Writing Samples
Band 6.5

Major cities in the world are growing fast, as well as their problems. What are the problems people living in cities face? How can they be solved?

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As urbanization continues to accelerate globally, major
cities
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 are grappling with significant
challenges
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 that profoundly affect the quality of life for their residents. These
challenges
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 encompass environmental, social, and infrastructural dilemmas, all of which necessitate comprehensive and sustainable solutions.
Cities
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such
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 as Beijing, New Delhi, São Paulo, Mumbai, Johannesburg, and Rio de Janeiro epitomize
this
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 global phenomenon, each contending with distinct facets of rapid urbanization. One of the most urgent
issues
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 is
pollution
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, particularly affecting air,
water
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, and land.
For example
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, Beijing frequently endures perilous levels of air
pollution
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 stemming from industrial emissions and vehicle exhaust, leading to severe respiratory ailments among its citizens.
Similarly
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, New Delhi is confronted with acute
water
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pollution
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, as untreated industrial waste pollutes rivers, compromising the health of millions. Overcrowding in these metropolises intensifies these environmental crises, as densely populated areas generate excessive waste, which municipal authorities struggle to handle effectively. Beyond
pollution
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, overcrowding precipitates a shortage of adequate housing.
Cities
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 like Mumbai and São Paulo are burdened with vast populations residing in tenements or slums, where dwellings are often built from inferior materials. These settlements typically lack essential infrastructure
such
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 as proper sanitation and access to clean
water
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, fostering conditions ripe for the proliferation of diseases like cholera and malaria.
Furthermore
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, these marginalized communities are disproportionately impacted during natural disasters,
such
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 as floods or earthquakes, exacerbating their already precarious circumstances. Another critical issue urban dwellers face is
crime
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 and violence, often rooted in socioeconomic inequalities. In
cities
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 like Johannesburg and Rio de Janeiro, where poverty rates are high, escalating
crime
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 levels can be attributed to significant wealth disparities and inadequate law enforcement.
Additionally
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, the absence of fundamental public services, including healthcare, education, and transportation, exacerbates social inequality,
further
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 impeding residents’ access to basic needs and perpetuating cycles of poverty. Addressing these complex
issues
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 requires a multifaceted approach by governments and urban planners.
For instance
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, Copenhagen's green infrastructure initiatives, aimed at promoting eco-friendly transportation and reducing air
pollution
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, offer an exemplary model for mitigating environmental
challenges
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. Vienna’s social housing schemes showcase how affordable, high-quality housing can alleviate overcrowding and improve living conditions. Singapore’s cutting-edge
water
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 recycling technologies address urban
water
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 shortages,
while
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 New York’s community policing strategies have proven effective in reducing
crime
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 by tackling underlying socioeconomic
issues
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.
Moreover
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, London's integrated public healthcare and transport systems exemplify how
cities
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 can enhance the
overall
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 well-being of their inhabitants. In summary,
pollution
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, overcrowding,
crime
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, and insufficient public services represent some of the most pressing
issues
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 faced by residents in rapidly expanding urban
centers
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centres
show examples
.
Nevertheless
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,
cities
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 like Copenhagen, Vienna, Singapore, and New York demonstrate that with innovative and strategic planning, these
challenges
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 can be effectively managed. In conclusion,
while
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 the rapid expansion of
cities
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 brings numerous
challenges
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, these problems can be mitigated through proactive planning and forward-thinking policies. By learning from
cities
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 that have successfully addressed these
issues
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, other urban
centers
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centres
show examples
 can aspire to create a more sustainable, livable future for their populations.

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Task Achievement
Maintain the strong use of specific city examples to support your points, as this heightens the relevance and specificity of your arguments.
Coherence and Cohesion
Ensure that transitions between sections remain clear and logical, as doing so will sustain the strong coherence demonstrated throughout your essay.
Coherence and Cohesion
Your essay employs a sophisticated logical structure, effectively guiding the reader through complex topics.
Task Achievement
You provide a comprehensive response to the task, addressing multiple dimensions of the urbanization challenges and proposing viable solutions.
Task Achievement
The use of specific examples from cities around the world significantly enriches your argument, making your points more relatable and impactful.

Fully explain your ideas

To get an excellent score in the IELTS Task 2 writing section, one of the easiest and most effective tips is structuring your writing in the most solid format. A great argument essay structure may be divided to four paragraphs, in which comprises of four sentences (excluding the conclusion paragraph, which comprises of three sentences).

For we to consider an essay structure a great one, it should be looking like this:

  • Paragraph 1 - Introduction
    • Sentence 1 - Background statement
    • Sentence 2 - Detailed background statement
    • Sentence 3 - Thesis
    • Sentence 4 - Outline sentence
  • Paragraph 2 - First supporting paragraph
    • Sentence 1 - Topic sentence
    • Sentence 2 - Example
    • Sentence 3 - Discussion
    • Sentence 4 - Conclusion
  • Paragraph 3 - Second supporting paragraph
    • Sentence 1 - Topic sentence
    • Sentence 2 - Example
    • Sentence 3 - Discussion
    • Sentence 4 - Conclusion
  • Paragraph 4 - Conclusion
    • Sentence 1 - Summary
    • Sentence 2 - Restatement of thesis
    • Sentence 3 - Prediction or recommendation

Our recommended essay structure above comprises of fifteen (15) sentences, which will make your essay approximately 250 to 275 words.

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