The government pays university tuition for students (which means students do not have to pay). Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages

The foundation of the idea of Smart Cities

relays

have confidence or faith in

relies

on the principles of urban planning. After years of development, urban planners, as well as technological advances, have shaped cities to provide the best structure and support to the population. In 1854, London became the

first

Linking Words

smart city when used the system of collecting data to resolve a public health issue. During the Soho cholera outbreak, Dr. John Snow realized after experiments that the digestive symptoms of cholera had nothing to do with lungs as it was suggested. In order to find the origin of the disease, Dr. Snow drew on a map of the location where the victim lived, realizing that all residences were close to a certain

water

Use synonyms

pump.

In other words

Linking Words

, collecting and

analyzing

consider in detail and subject to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning

analysing

the data, he diagnosed and confirmed the cause of the deaths. The modern movement

of

Suggestion

in

Smart cities started in the late 1960s in Los Angeles in a local community Analysis Bureau. The public administration used computer databases, cluster analysis, and infrared aerial photography to gather data, produce reports on

neighborhood

a surrounding or nearby region

neighbourhood

demographics and housing quality information.

The

Suggestion

They

called Urban Information System had as principal goals to facilitate the allocation of resources to ward off blight and solve poverty issues. The movement in Europe had critical developments starting in 2007. The European Union

found

Suggestion

has found

programs as Strategic Energy

Technology

Use synonyms

Plan and the 7th Framework Programme for Research which seeks to secure affordable, sustainable, innovative energy

technology

Use synonyms

to countries in Europe.

Moreover

Linking Words

, it

also

Linking Words

focused on promoting cooperation and networking

among

Suggestion

between

countries to find resolutions to mutual problems. The initiative was critical to support cities

such

Linking Words

as Vienna to develop technologies. Currently, the movement of Smart City is present in diverse countries in the world. They use

technology

Use synonyms

to collect data and better understand their issues to solve them. 2. How the Smart City works Smart Cities have several components that are interconnected. The most important of them are

infrastructure

Use synonyms

, building, transportation, energy, healthcare,

technology

Use synonyms

, governance, education, and citizens. In each of these components, different strategies related to

Use synonyms

technology

Suggestion

technological

advances and collecting data are applied in order to solve current issues. The

first

Linking Words

requirement to make a city

works

Suggestion

work

in a smart way is to improve the structure.

Initially

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, it is essential to develop fundamental infrastructures to deliver basic services like energy,

water

Use synonyms

, and transportation in an efficient way.

For instance

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,

numbers

Suggestion

the numbers

show that in some countries up to 50 percent of the

water

Use synonyms

supply in urban areas is lost

as a result

Linking Words

of

infrastructure

Use synonyms

leaks that could be improved if the inadequate and aging

water

Use synonyms

infrastructure

Use synonyms

were replaced.

Moreover

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, there is

also

Linking Words

the necessity of technological devices

such

Linking Words

as video cameras and sensors since they are vital to collect data that going to use too deeply understand the cities’ problems as well to guarantee the obedience of laws and regulations. Having the data collected, the information is integrated through the cities’ system, providing critical information on city activity and operations. With the data, advanced analytics can identify and share patterns that might help authorities, agencies, and communities to work in collaboration to find solutions. The data can be used through an operation

center

an area that is approximately central within some larger region

centre

that might collect and coordinate efforts to improve the city’s livability. A great example of intelligent devices used in cities to solve a significant problem is smart traffic lights. In some cities, traffic cameras observe the number of vehicles on each road and based on these numbers define how long the green light should stay on in order to optimize

trafficking

Suggestion

traffic

. The costs are reduced since it is an automatic device.

Similarly

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,

this

Linking Words

system is applied to optimize every aspect of smart cities. The

first

Linking Words

step is to improve the cities’ structure which includes fundamental

infrastructure

Use synonyms

and

technology

Use synonyms

to collect data and monitor.

Subsequently

Linking Words

, operation

centers

an area that is approximately central within some larger region

centres

should work in collaboration to improve the daily management of cities, public safety, and livability.