You should spend about 40 minutes on this question. Many people today are worried about ‘cybercrime’ such as hacking and identity theft. What problems does ‘cybercrime’ cause, and what solutions can you suggest for ordinary people and businesses to take? Give reasons for your answer, and provide ideas and examples from your own experience.

Cybercrime is a cause of widespread concern today, as so many people use technology to store and transmit sensitive data. There are a number of problems that people suffer

as a result

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of these crimes, but

also

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some straightforward measures we can take to protect ourselves. Perhaps the worst problem stemming from

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is the financial impact. If someone has his or her bank account emptied, or has false credit lines created under their name, they are potentially liable for large sums of money. Even if they can avoid the consequences, their bank or finance company has to cover the losses, which can damage their performance. A

further

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problem is

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the away

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away

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way

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in which these stolen funds are used to subsidize other crimes,

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as drug distribution or even terrorism. Once the money enters the criminal networks, we have no way of knowing how it will be used.

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, there is the problem of anxiety and stress caused to the innocent victims of these crimes. The initial shock is often followed by months or years of legal wrangling, paperwork and a sense of insecurity. Turning to possible solutions, probably the most effective measure is to improve personal security, ranging from passwords to the shredding of documents.

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denies the criminals the raw materials to work with.

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, we should raise awareness of the risks among the elderly or the very young – two groups who are often specifically targeted – via publicity and public education. Ultimately,

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, it is the financial companies who can make the greatest contribution, by increasing their security and detection systems – ideally in partnership with the police.

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, the problems caused are both financial and social, and the solutions should involve coordinated action by individuals, corporations and the state.