One problem faced by almost every large city if traffic congestion. What do you think the causes are? What solutions can you suggest?

Most modern

cities

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have populations of over 1 million or so. All these

people

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commute to and from their workplace which is some distance away from their residence.

Thus

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, across the world, the movement of a lot of

people

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over a short duration of time causes

traffic

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congestion. In the following paragraphs, we shall examine

this

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subject with relevant examples.

Firstly

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, most large

cities

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, or metros, are not planned to accommodate huge movement of

people

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. They expand and contract as per demand.

For example

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, Surat, a small trading town, saw sudden and rapid urbanization after the diamond industry settled there, and

hence

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the public transport system there has remained inadequate.

This

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forces

people

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to use personal vehicles and cause

traffic

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congestion.

Secondly

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, these many metros are fractured into business districts and residential areas in an unplanned way.

Thus

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, on a daily basis, millions of

people

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travel on narrow roads and lanes in a haphazard manner, causing

traffic

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jams.

For example

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, the wholesale grain market of Mumbai is right at the city centre, forcing huge trucks to enter the city and choke the roads.

Thirdly

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, the vehicular management systems of these

cities

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are primitive. In Kolkata,

for instance

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, even today, a

traffic

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cop manages key city junctions and not an automated system based on

traffic

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cameras. In

this

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context, one solution is to create efficient public transport systems, like in London and to encourage

people

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to use them. Another solution is that companies can stagger their working hours and ask their employees to work from home, as much as possible. Some

cities

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, like Stockholm, encourage

people

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to cycle to work

instead

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of using vehicles. Other

cities

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also

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should take up

this

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example. In conclusion,

traffic

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congestion is caused by the haphazard movement of vehicles over a short period of time, and the best way to deal with it is to encourage

people

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to minimize their travel and to use public transport.