Some people believe that longer prison sentences are the best ways to decrease crime while others believe that there are alternative ways to decrease crime. Discuss both views and give your opinion.

Statistics in 2009 showed that stroke and cardiovascular diseases were one of the leading causes of mortality among Korean females (Office, 2009). Excessive accumulation of visceral fat and menopause are likely to

associate

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be associated

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with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases(Dagenais et al., 2005; Rosano, Vitale, Marazzi, & Volterrani, 2007). The author believes that mobile technology is a potential solution to resolve

this

Linking Words

problem but only a few studies were conducted to test the effectiveness of mobile

phone

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phones

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or

Correct article usage

the internet

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internet

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Internet

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on diabetes or obesity care. The objective of

this

Linking Words

study

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is to assess how

efficient

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efficiently

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a mobile text-based

intervention

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and

Internet

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the Internet

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can help post-menopausal

female

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females

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with abdominal obesity reduce waist circumference (

WC

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), body weight (

BW

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), blood pressure (

BP

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), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and serum lipid levels. Population

This

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is a quasi-experimental

study

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that compares

baseline

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data with results after the 12-week

intervention

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. Participants were post-menopausal women

that

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who

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were diagnosed with abdominal obesity,

according to

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WHO definition, and were recruited from an urban hospital in South Korea(World Health Organization. Regional Office for the Western, 2000).

Initially

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, 79 subjects participated but only 67 subjects completed the

study

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and

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apply

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subjects were divided into two

groups

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including

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intervention

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an intervention

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group (

IG

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) with 34 participants and

control

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a control

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group (

CG

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) with 33 people. Patients with clinical health issues or

experienced

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who experienced

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changes in the treatment process during the

intervention

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or did not complete the

study

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were excluded.

Intervention

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At

first,

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IG

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was requested to self-monitor their

WC

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,

BW

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,

BP

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, diet and exercise information and input these data into the

study

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website weekly. Experts will provide personal recommendations on diet and exercises based on the input data.

Secondly

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,

IG

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will

also

Linking Words

receive three weekly text messages through their cellular phone. The first 2 texts are about motivation and encouragement for lifestyle change and the

last

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message are sent to

both

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mobile phone and the Internet as a recommendation about diet and exercise based on the performance of participant throughout the week.

CG

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did not receive any treatment. Comparator Comparison was made between pre and

post result

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post-result

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and between 2

groups

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Outcome The primary outcomes include

WC

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,

BW

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,

BP

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FPG and serum lipids including TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C were

measure

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measured

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in

both

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group

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groups

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(

IG

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and

CG

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) before and after the 12-week

intervention

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. Demographic information was

also

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collected at the

baseline

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in

both

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groups

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. Different statistical analysis methods were applied in

this

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study

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(SPSS, software, chi-square, unpaired t-test and paired t-tests). Result No significant differences in demographic factors and primary outcomes between

two

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the two

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groups

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at the

baseline

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.

IG

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experienced a significant decline in the mean of

WC

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,

BW

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and

BP

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(

both

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systolic and diastolic pressure) after 12 weeks compared to the

baseline

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while

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the

WC

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and

BW

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increased significantly in

CG

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. The difference in

WC

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,

BW

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and

BP

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between

IG

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and

CG

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is significant after 12 weeks of

intervention

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. FPG was not significantly different between

two

Correct article usage

the two

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groups

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after

intervention

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. The TC and LDL-C

level

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levels

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of

IG

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declined significantly

while

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CG

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experienced a significant rise in TC compared to the

baseline

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.