Some people believe that longer prison sentences are the best ways to decrease crime while others believe that there are alternative ways to decrease crime. Discuss both views and give your opinion.

Statistics in 2009 showed that stroke and cardiovascular diseases were one of the leading causes of mortality among Korean females (Office, 2009). Excessive accumulation of visceral fat and menopause are likely to

associate

Wrong verb form

be associated

show examples

with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases(Dagenais et al., 2005; Rosano, Vitale, Marazzi, & Volterrani, 2007). The author believes that mobile technology is a potential solution to resolve

this

problem but only a few studies were conducted to test the effectiveness of mobile

phone

Fix the agreement mistake

phones

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or

Correct article usage

the internet

show examples

internet

Capitalize word

Internet

show examples

on diabetes or obesity care. The objective of

this

study

is to assess how

efficient

Change the word

efficiently

show examples

a mobile text-based

intervention

and

Internet

Add an article

the Internet

show examples

can help post-menopausal

female

Fix the agreement mistake

females

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with abdominal obesity reduce waist circumference (

WC

), body weight (

BW

), blood pressure (

BP

), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and serum lipid levels. Population

This

is a quasi-experimental

study

that compares

baseline

data with results after the 12-week

intervention

. Participants were post-menopausal women

that

Correct pronoun usage

who

show examples

were diagnosed with abdominal obesity,

according to

WHO definition, and were recruited from an urban hospital in South Korea(World Health Organization. Regional Office for the Western, 2000).

Initially

, 79 subjects participated but only 67 subjects completed the

study

and

Correct word choice

apply

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subjects were divided into two

groups

including

intervention

Correct article usage

an intervention

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group (

IG

) with 34 participants and

control

Correct article usage

a control

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group (

CG

) with 33 people. Patients with clinical health issues or

experienced

Correct pronoun usage

who experienced

show examples

changes in the treatment process during the

intervention

or did not complete the

study

were excluded.

Intervention

At

first,

IG

was requested to self-monitor their

WC

,

BW

,

BP

, diet and exercise information and input these data into the

study

website weekly. Experts will provide personal recommendations on diet and exercises based on the input data.

Secondly

,

IG

will

also

receive three weekly text messages through their cellular phone. The first 2 texts are about motivation and encouragement for lifestyle change and the

last

message are sent to

both

mobile phone and the Internet as a recommendation about diet and exercise based on the performance of participant throughout the week.

CG

did not receive any treatment. Comparator Comparison was made between pre and

post result

Add a hyphen

post-result

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and between 2

groups

Outcome The primary outcomes include

WC

,

BW

,

BP

FPG and serum lipids including TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C were

measure

Wrong verb form

measured

show examples

in

both

group

Change to a plural noun

groups

show examples

(

IG

and

CG

) before and after the 12-week

intervention

. Demographic information was

also

collected at the

baseline

in

both

groups

. Different statistical analysis methods were applied in

this

study

(SPSS, software, chi-square, unpaired t-test and paired t-tests). Result No significant differences in demographic factors and primary outcomes between

two

Correct article usage

the two

show examples

groups

at the

baseline

.

IG

experienced a significant decline in the mean of

WC

,

BW

and

BP

(

both

systolic and diastolic pressure) after 12 weeks compared to the

baseline

while

the

WC

and

BW

increased significantly in

CG

. The difference in

WC

,

BW

and

BP

between

IG

and

CG

is significant after 12 weeks of

intervention

. FPG was not significantly different between

two

Correct article usage

the two

show examples

groups

after

intervention

. The TC and LDL-C

level

Fix the agreement mistake

levels

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of

IG

declined significantly

while

CG

experienced a significant rise in TC compared to the

baseline

.