Fresh water is a limited resource in some parts of the world. Today, increasing demand has made it a global problem. What are the causes of this growing demand? What can governments and individuals do to respond to the problem?

There are compelling reasons for the shortage of fresh
water
. The main reason is the overpopulation in the metropolitan areas. The global phenomenon of urbanization has led to a global surge in potable
water
requirements.
Secondly
, increased pollution of natural freshwater reserves
due to
urbanisation and industrialization has compounded
this
demand. In fact, since the beginning of industrialization, fresh
water
from rivers and lakes has been increasingly used for manufacturing processes
such
as chemical reactions, cleaning toxic equipment and so on.
Furthermore
, in modern times, the growing use of salt-free
water
for activities like recreational swimming
,
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has
also
catalysed the surge in global
water
demand.
For instance
, swimming pools at home, theme parks, and resorts use an avalanche of
water
.
Therefore
,
water
scarcity has risen and is now a global problem. National authorities,
on the other hand
, can control
this
surge by implementing public education schemes regarding controlled
water
usage. Strict national legislation for preventing natural freshwater reserve pollution is
also
required.
Moreover
, the government should
also
set up infrastructure for the purification of seawater into saline-free
water
, which will help in meeting the growing requirement for fresh
water
. A good example is UAE where desalination plants have been used for many years to provide fresh drinking
water
.
Similarly
, the public can
also
contribute towards
this
noble cause by conserving
water
and
also
by limiting their daily household
water
usage. They should refrain from performing activities that will pollute natural freshwater reserves.
Thus
even though, the scarcity of fresh
water
is a growing global problem, there are various means and methods available, by which both the government and individuals can prevent
this
from worsening.
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Include an introduction and conclusion

A conclusion is essential for IELTS writing task 2. It is more important than most people realise. You will be penalised for missing a conclusion in your IELTS essay.

The easiest paragraph to write in an essay is the conclusion paragraph. This is because the paragraph mostly contains information that has already been presented in the essay – it is just the repetition of some information written in the introduction paragraph and supporting paragraphs.

The conclusion paragraph only has 3 sentences:

  • Summary
  • Restatement of thesis
  • Prediction or recommendation

Example:

To summarize, a robotic teacher does not have the necessary disciple to properly give instructions to students and actually works to retard the ability of a student to comprehend new lessons. Therefore, it is clear that the idea of running a classroom completely by a machine cannot be supported. After thorough analysis on this subject, it is predicted that the adverse effects of the debate over technology-driven teaching will always be greater than the positive effects, and because of this, classroom teachers will never be substituted for technology.

Start your conclusion with a linking phrase. Here are some examples:

  • In conclusion
  • To conclude
  • To summarize
  • Finally
  • In a nutshell
  • In general

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Topic Vocabulary:
  • Industrialization
  • Agricultural irrigation
  • Urbanization
  • Climate change
  • Drought
  • Water pollution
  • Water-saving technologies
  • Water-intensive diets
  • Regulations
  • Water conservation
  • Awareness campaigns
  • Subsidies
  • Incentives
  • Desalination
  • Rainwater harvesting
  • Transboundary water resources
  • Sustainable
  • Efficient appliances
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