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The yield percentage of

Avicennia

marina

extracts

at different

maceration

times and organs

is

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are

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presented in

Table

1. The highest yield of

Avicennia

marina was obtained from the leaves extracted for 72 hours

while

the lowest yield was found in the stem extracted for 24 hours. From the data obtained, it is evident that the

leaves

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leaf

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extracts

experienced a dramatic increase in yield percentage as the extraction

time

gets longer

while

the yield of stem

extracts

slightly increased over

time

.

In addition

,

leaves

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leaf

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extracts

have a higher yield compared to the stems from all three different

maceration

times.

This

could be explained by the similarity of the

compounds

and the used solvent in terms of polarity properties. Leaves as an initial place to produce and accumulate a wide range of

compounds

before they are transported to other parts of the plant could

also

affect the high percentage of yield produced in leaves.

This

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results are in agreement with Dewi et al. (2022) who reported that prolonged

maceration

time

allows

the

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longer contact between the material and the solvent so that the compound extracted will be more variative.

Additionally

, Permatasari et al. (2020) and Fajri et al. (2021) reported that yield extract will soar to the highest peak until it reaches the saturation point of the solution. In

this

present study, both leaves and stem

extracts

showed an upward trend as they did not reach the saturation state. Qualitative (

Table

2) and quantitative analysis (

Table

3) were conducted to study the range of

compounds

of

Avicennia

marine at different

maceration

times and organs. The results showed that

phenolic

and

flavonoid

compounds

are present in all

extracts

of

Avicennia

marina, yet saponin

compounds

are not detected in both leaves and stems.

This

can occur because

phenolic

and

flavonoid

compounds

have the same polarity with the solvent used, causing those

compounds

to dissolve easily in the solvent. These findings are in line with previous studies

such

as Fajri et al. (2021) who reported that

saponin

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saponins

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belonging to

the

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non-polar

compounds

can not dissolve in polar solvents like methanol, ethanol, or water.

Similarly

, Manurung et al. (2017) reported that

phenolic

and

flavonoid

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flavonoids

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are

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were

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detected in all different parts of Ficus deltoidea extracted using methanol solvent,

while

the saponin

compounds

remained absent. The results obtained from qualitative analysis of phytochemical

compounds

among all

extracts

are shown in

Table

2. The total

phenolic

content (TPC) which experiences a steady increase in both leaves and stem extract ranges from 0.000221 to 0.000902 mg/g. Meanwhile, the total

flavonoid

content ranged from 0.000202 to 0.000905 mg/g.

In contrast

to

phenolic

compounds

, the total

flavonoid

content (TFC) in leaves and stems shows different responses as the extraction

time

increases. TFC in leaf

extracts

fluctuates over

time

while

a slight drop is observed in the stem

extracts

.