Lack of fresh water is becoming a global issue of increasing importance. What problems does this shortage cause? What measures could be taken to overcome these problems?

Water
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scarcity is becoming a significant global problem with far-reaching effects. Long-term solutions require extensive government intervention in programmes, including research and climate mitigation measures, but individuals
also
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need to become aware of the need for
water
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conservation. A major problem for all countries is the huge amount of
water
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necessary for agriculture and industry. When there is insufficient
water
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, crops fail, animals die and people go hungry. Without an adequate
water
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supply, manufacturers, food producers, mining operations and businesses cannot succeed. Ultimately,
water
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is the key to economic prosperity.
Water
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shortages create particular difficulties in developing countries.
Firstly
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, many women and children in these countries have to spend the whole day walking to and from a remote
water
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source to fetch
water
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.
Consequently
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, these children miss school and often do not receive an adequate education.
Secondly
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, the
water
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that is
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available for daily use may be contaminated, and
this
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can lead to illness and even death. One of the most important long-term solutions to
this
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problem is to work towards reducing global warming and climate change, as dry regions are becoming drier across the planet.
Additionally
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, pollution of waterways needs to be addressed, as we take steps to clean up our existing supplies of
this
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precious resource. Many old-fashioned irrigation schemes are generally very wasteful, so funds need to be available for research into
water
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conservation and new irrigation technologies. These technologies could
then
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be transferred to developing nations. At an individual level, we need to become aware of wasteful
water
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-use habits,
such
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as watering lawns in the summer
,
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apply
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or pouring our grey
water
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down the drain. In conclusion, the inadequate supply of fresh
water
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is one of the most crucial environmental problems facing our planet, and we need to work to preserve
this
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precious resource.

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Structure your answers in logical paragraphs

The easiest way to score well on the IELTS Task 2 writing portion is to structure your writing in a solid essay format.

A strong argument essay structure can be split up into 4 paragraphs, each containing 4 sentences (except the conclusion paragraph, which only contains 3 sentences).

Stick to this essay structure:

  • Paragraph 1 - Introduction
  • Paragraph 2 - First supporting paragraph
  • Paragraph 3 - Second supporting paragraph
  • Paragraph 4 - Conclusion
Topic Vocabulary:
  • water scarcity
  • irrigation
  • contaminated
  • waterborne diseases
  • ecosystems
  • biodiversity
  • pandemics
  • economic downturn
  • social unrest
  • food security
  • resource management
  • conservation efforts
  • sustainable
  • desalination
  • rainwater harvesting
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