The diagrams below show the stages and equipment used in the coment-making process, and how coment is used to produce concrete for building purposes.

The left flow chart illustrates the stages in cement manufacture,

together with

the machinery required in each stage, and the right one shows the process by which concrete is produced from several materials.

Overall

, the key points to note are that cement construction is a complex process that consists of several stages, and that concrete is made from four basic elements with precise proportions. Looking at the left diagram in more detail, we can see that, in general, raw materials

such

as limestone and clay are first crushed into powder through a crusher,

then

the powder is put into a mixer and passed via a rotating heater where heat is supplied constantly.

This

process creates the raw adhesive materials which

then

are passed onto a grinder and

further

ground into plaster.

Lastly

, it is packaged into uniform bags and marketed for sale. After the ingredients are transported to the concrete-making site, they are mixed into a designed mixer, in which cement, sand, water and gravel are thoroughly stirred in varying percentages, 15%, 25%, 10%, and 50%, respectively. Through ample blending, concrete is

finally

made out.