Climate change is one of the biggest environmental problems of the 21st century. Some people think that humans should stop using oil, gas and coal and switch to alternative energy resources, such as wind and solar power. Others claim that fossil fuels are essential for many industries, and not using them will result in economic recession. What is your opinion? Support your point of view with relevant examples.

Climate

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change is one of the greatest challenges of our time. Equally important,

however

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, is the need to ensure access to

energy

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for quality of life and for economic

development

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. It is

therefore

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critically important to address

climate

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change as

part

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of the sustainable

development

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agenda. Ongoing progress in the

development

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of new

technologies

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has brought confidence and hope that these objectives will be met in the

energy

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system

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. Dramatic price reductions and technological advancement of wind generators and solar photovoltaics have shown that these renewable

energy

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resources can be important players in global electricity systems

,

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apply

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and that the long-anticipated breakthrough in cost-effective storage technology would shift primary

energy

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mixes substantially. These developments have led invariably to an assumption that we are “done” with fossil

fuels

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across the

energy

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system

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, that there is no need for

further

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development

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of new resources, and that we have to stop using them as soon as possible.

This

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assumption has

also

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led to a perception of “good” renewables-based

technologies

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in global

energy

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systems today, on the one hand, and “bad” fossil

fuels

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-based

technologies

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, on the other. The reality is that

this

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debate is much more nuanced and requires

more

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a more

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thorough investigation. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology and managing methane

emissions

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throughout the fossil

energy

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value chain can help meet ambitious CO2 emission reduction targets, while fossil

fuels

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remain

part

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of the

energy

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system

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.

This

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will thereby allow fossil

fuels

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to become "

part

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of the solution", rather than remain "

part

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of the problem". All

technologies

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have a role to play in an

energy

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system

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guided by rational economics. Fossil

fuels

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comprise 80 per cent of

current

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the current

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global primary

energy

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demand, and the

energy

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system

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is the source of approximately

two thirds

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two-thirds

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of global CO2

emissions

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. Inasmuch as methane and

other short-lived

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another short-lived climate pollutant

other short-lived climate pollutants

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climate

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pollutant (SLCP)

emissions

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are believed to be severely underestimated, it is likely that

energy

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production and use are the

source

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sources

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of an even greater share of

emissions

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.

Further

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, much of

the

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apply

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biomass

fuels

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are currently used around the world in

small scale

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small-scale

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heating and cooking. These are highly inefficient and polluting, especially for indoor air quality in many less-developed countries. Renewable biomass used in

this

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way is a problem for sustainable

development

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. If current trends continue,

in other words

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, if the current share of fossil

fuels

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is maintained and

energy

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demand nearly doubles by 2050,

emissions

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will greatly surpass the amount of carbon that can be emitted if the global average temperature rise is to be limited to 2oC. That level of

emissions

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would have disastrous

climate

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consequences for the planet. There are a number of emission reduction opportunities for the

energy

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sector, notably reducing the amount of

energy

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consumed and reducing the net carbon intensity of the

energy

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sector by fuel switching and by controlling CO2

emissions

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.