Foot shock is an aversive stimulus. It is the kind of thing that makes neurons change their activity on the spot. For that, I’d go with a calcium biosensor, specifically GCaMP. In the slides, calcium is treated as a prac
CNO was the original DREADD ligan, but in rats and mice it doesn’t always stay as CNO. A small fraction (about 2 -7%) can convert into clozapine. Once clozapine shows up, it behaves a bit differently. After IV dosing it
In today's world, technology plays a big part in our daily lives. Many believe that it is beneficial for relationships with people oround us, although, others think it drifts us apakrt. I will be looking at the provided
hM3Dq is a Gq DREADD, and it usually ends up excitatory. Once Gq is engaged, one common place it shows up is KCNQ and the M-current. With that, The M-current drops, outward K+ falls, and the cell reaches threshold more e
A.In normal conditions, I’d give a small current pulse, then give the same pulse again after the drug. Then I just watch how far Vm bends (ΔV). If Vm barely bends, conductance is higher(↑G). If it bends more, conductance
VRev is the voltage where, as the slides put it, there is “no net flow of current across the membrane”. For a channel that only carries Ky+, this happens at the Ky+ equilibrium potential is where there is “no net follow
The chart presents the percentage of Canadian people who visited a certain place. It can be seen that most people chose to go to the cinema and least of them decided to visit the theatre.
The massive responsibility of making a society a better place to live relies on the shoulders of high-ranking officials. While some opine that academic knowledge plays a crucial role in the progress of society, in my vie
Whether young people or seniors are better leaders in organizations has become a heated topic of discussion. In my opinion, even though young people possess certain qualities for leadership, older people are more likely
Opinions are often divided as to whether children should be segregated according to their intelligence level in schools. A school of thought holds that there should be separate teaching, while others contend that it woul
In the present world, animals are often used in labs for scientific purposes. While different groups of people may have completely opposite opinions on this controversial topic, I think that testing on animals is unethic
Opinions are often divided as to whether children should be segragated according to their intelligence level in schools. A school of thought holds that there should be separate teaching, others contend that it would be b
Our friends and family members are what our life is all about. While some opine that buying some valuable items as a gift for our confidants and family members is by far the best way to express our feelings towards them,
Consume of junk food is a massive habit amongst every community, and it is more harmful for their health. However some profesionalist of science argue that increase of people awareness and educate them about the negativi
It is evident that the highest figure was experienced Hobart, Sydney and Melbourne fresh coffee indication, whereas lowest indicator including to the Brisbane and Adelaide. We can see that among the categories most of th
Opinions are often divided as to whether there will be any detrimental influence in light of more foreign festivals in Vietnamese culture. From my perspective, I support both sides of the matter due to the following aspe
Junk food consume is a huge habit amongst every community, and it is more harmful for their health. However some profesionalist of science argue that increase of people awareness and educate them about the negativity of