There are compelling reasons for the shortage of fresh water. The main reason is the overpopulation in the metropolitan areas. The global phenomenon of urbanization has led to a global surge in potable water requirements. Secondly, increased pollution of natural freshwater reserves due to urbanisation and industrialization has compounded this demand. In fact, since the beginning of industrialization, fresh water from rivers and lakes has been increasingly used for manufacturing processes such as chemical reactions, cleaning toxic equipment and so on. Furthermore, in modern times, the growing use of salt-free water for activities like recreational swimming, has also catalysed the surge in global water demand. For instance, swimming pools at home, theme parks, and resorts use an avalanche of water. Therefore, water scarcity has risen and is now a global problem.